Oncology

Question 1

mass of tissue growing faster than normal, in uncoordinated manner

Answer 1

neoplasm

Question 2

2 cancers that don’t manifest as tumours

Answer 2

lymphoma

leukaemia

Question 3

growth cancers spread to other parts of body

Answer 3

metastasis

Question 4

4 characteristics benign tumours

Answer 4

differentiated
reproduce at HIGHER RATE
often encapsulated - no metastasis
expands slowly - systemic affects rarely seen

Question 5

is benign tumour life threatening

Answer 5

no - but damage can result from compression of tissues (brain!)

Question 6

what is oncology the study of

Answer 6

malignant tumours

Question 7

5 traits of malignant tumours

Answer 7

undifferentiated
non-functional cells
reproduce faster than normal
non-encapsulated - metastasise
systemic - spread v quick other organs
life threatening

Question 8

staging NO means

Answer 8

no lymph node involvement

Question 9

MO means

Answer 9

no metastasis

Question 10

group pf diseases/symptoms that are consequences of cancer in body but not directly due to tumour itself
may confuse diagnosis

Answer 10

para-neoplastic syndrome

Question 11

malignant spreas via

Answer 11

blood & lymph

Question 12

are cells in secondary tumour similar to parent tumour

Answer 12

yes

Question 13

3 adverse affects radiation

Answer 13

bone marrow depression - aplastic anaemia
epithelial cell damage (hair loss)
sterility

Question 14

3 adverse affects chemotherapy

Answer 14

bone narrow depression
vomiting
hair loss
organ damage

Question 15

cancers in epithelial cells/tissues

Answer 15

carcinomas

Question 16

cancers in connective tissue

Answer 16

sarcaomas

Question 17

cancers in blood/bone marrow

Answer 17

leukaemias

Question 18

lung cancer s/s

Answer 18

dry persistent cough
pain behind sternum
recurrent chest infections
bloody sputum

Question 19

dry persistent cough
pain behind sternum
recurrent chest infections
bloody sputum

Answer 19

lung cancer

Question 20

colo-rectal cancer risk factor

Answer 20

high meat consumption

Question 21

colo rectal cancer s/s

Answer 21

change in bowel habit
anal bleeding
blood in stool
anaemia

Question 22

change in bowel habit
anal bleeding
blood in stool
anaemia

Answer 22

colo-rectal cancer

Question 23

s/s breast cancer

Answer 23

painless, unilateral lump
discharge from nipple
pain in breast
skin change in breast/nipple

Question 24

risk factor cervical cancer

Answer 24

smoking

Question 25

s/s liver cancer

Answer 25

jaundice
faver
pain radiating into back
portal vein hypertension

Question 26

jaundice
faver
pain radiating into back
portal vein hypertension

Answer 26

liver cancer

Question 27

risk factor stomach cancer

Answer 27

low stomach acid

Question 28

s/s stomach cancer

Answer 28

pain in stomach
nausea
low appetite
vomiting

Question 29

pain in stomach
nausea
low appetite
vomiting

Answer 29

stomach cancer

Question 30

risk factor oesophageal cancer

Answer 30

tobacco smoking

Question 31

s/s oesophageal cancer

Answer 31

problems swallowing
non-sour reflux
loss appetite
coughing after swallwoing

Question 32

risk factor pancreatic cancer

Answer 32

chronic pancreatitis

Question 33

s/s pancreatic cancer

Answer 33

asymptomatic early
later - jaundice
dark urine
pale schools
skin itching

Question 34

asymptomatic early
later - jaundice
dark urine
pale schools
skin itching

Answer 34

pancreatic cancer

Question 35

bladder cancer cause

Answer 35

smoking

Question 36

s/s bladder cancer

Answer 36

painless haematuria
frequent weeing
urgent weeing
dysuria

Question 37

painless haematuria
frequent weeing
urgent weeing
dysuria

Answer 37

bladder cancer

Question 38

4 s/s leukaemia

Answer 38

breathlessness
anaemia
excessive bruising/bleeding
frequent infections

Question 39

breathlessness
anaemia
excessive bruising/bleeding
frequent infections

Answer 39

leukaemia