Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Alan's lecture - Pharmacology > Oncology 2 > Flashcards

Oncology 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What are trageted therapy?

A
  • They inhibi specific pathways that are actiavted in cancer
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Targeted therapies have much more fewer ADRs than chemotherapies hwich are poisions. TRUE OR FALSE?

A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What can cause cancer?

A
  • External mutagens e.g UV light and smoking
  • Internal mutagens e.g the enviornment
  • Intrisic errors - which are errors in the DNA replications
  • All these can lead to mutations and hence cancer
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Germline mutations are inherited. TRUE OR FALSE?

A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

somatic mutations are individualised, but can be passed on during cell division. TRUE OR FALSE?

A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What genes are affected in cancer?

A
  • Oncogenes and tumour supressor genes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

90% of cancer genes are dominant, 10% can be reccessive. TRUE OR FALSE?

A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What does the Knudoson 2 hit hypothesis say?

A
  • You need mutations to occur at both reccesive genes to have cancer
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

mutated cells (driver mutations) that lead to formation of tumours have a seletive advantage over the mutated cells that did not benefit from the mutation. TRUE OR FALSE?

A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are passenger mutations?

A
  • They have a null effect (neither advs or disadv), but they also be seen with driver mutations but in fewer numbers
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

You can get resistance before treatment and resistance after treatment? TRUE OR FALSE?

A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What kinase inhibitor drug was first shown to have efficacy in any cancer?

A
  • Imitanib
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Nilotinib is 30 times more potent than imitanib. TRUE OR FLASE/

A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the indications of imatinib, nilotinib and desatinib?

A
  • All indicated for chronic myeloid leukemia

- Imatinib is indicated for GIST

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the ADRs for imatinib, nilotinib and desatinib?

A
  • Cause myelosupression

- Nelotinib causes prolong QT interval

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Chronic myeloid leukemia are primarily driven by BcrABl. treu or false?

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What do proto-oncogenes do?

A
  • Regulate critical cancer relevant pathways
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Activation sof proto-oncogenes lead to the cancerous phenotype. true or flase?

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

proto-oncogenes are activated by somatic mutations. TRUE OR FLASE?

A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Tumour supressors are ativated in cancer. TRUE OR FLASE?

A

FALSE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Drug targets are the regulators of the hallmark of cancer. TRUE OR FALSE?

A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Cetuximab recognises the EGF-R
Trastuzumab recognises the HER2 receptor
True or flase?

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

-Gefitinib inhibits EGF-R
-Lapatinib inhibits EGF-R and HER2
TRUE OR FALSE?

A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Gefitinib and elortinib both used for NSCLC. treu or flase?

A

true

25
Q

What is cetuximab and trastuzumab indicated for?

A
  • Cetixumab: Colorectal cancer with the wild type K-ras

- Trastuzumab: breast cancer and gastric

26
Q

Gefitinib and elortinib are kinase inhibitors. treu or flase?

A

true

27
Q

Cetuximab and trastuzumab are monoclonal antibodies. TRUE OR FLASE?

A

TRUE

28
Q

gefitinib, elortinib interact with drugs decreasing gastric pH which leads to the kinase inhibiotrs becoming insoluble. true or false?

A

true

29
Q

What is sorafenib indicated for?

A
  • Hepocellular carcinoma
30
Q

what is the mechanism of action for sorafenib?

A
  • It inhibits several kinases
31
Q

Verafenib and Dabrafenib are indicated for melanoma. TRUE OR FALSE?

A

TRUE

32
Q

Everolimus is indicated for renal cancer. TRUE OR FALSE?

A

TRUE

33
Q

what is the mechanism of action of Everolimus?

A
  • Inhibits mTORC1 which regulates protein translation
34
Q

Palbocibid inhibits Cdk4/6 and is indicated for breats cancer. TRUE OR FALSE?

A

TRUE

35
Q

What us bevacizumab indicated for?

A
  • Colecteral
  • Breast
  • NSCLC
  • Renal cancer
36
Q

hwo does bevacizumab work?

A
  • Sequestrates VEGF
37
Q

What is sunitib indicated for?

A
  • GIST and Renal cancer
38
Q

Sunitib inhibits VEGF receptor tyrosine kinase. TRUE OR FALSE?

A

TRUE

39
Q

What are some ADRs of sunitib?

A
  • yellow skin discoloration
40
Q

Cancer cells are more sensitive to proteasome inhibition. TRUE OR FALSE?

A

TRUE

41
Q

Proteosome protects the rest of the cell from degrading. true or flase?

A

true

42
Q

Give an example of a proteosome inhibitor drug?

A

Bortezomib

43
Q

What is bortezomib indicated for?

A
  • multiple Myeloma
44
Q

Name a DNA damage repair inhibitor?

A
  • Olaparib
45
Q

Olaparib a PARP inhibitor. true or false?

A

true

46
Q

olaparib kills BRCA null cells. true or false?

A

true

47
Q

what is synthetic lethality?

A
  • combinding the factors leads to cell death
48
Q

combindding olaparib and BRCA null cells leads to cell death. true or false?

A
  • true
49
Q

Single strand DNA damage repair pathay depend upon PARP. true or false?

A

true

50
Q

Epigenic regulation is Covalent modifiation of histones and DNA that alter gene expression via mutations, amolification and deletion. TRUE OR FALSE?

A

TRUE

51
Q

There are different residues within the histones that can become methylated or acetylated. TRUE OR FALSE?

A

TRUE

52
Q

What are CpG island?

A
  • Region in genome enriched in CG nucleotide repeats
53
Q

If CgP genes become methylated this silences the gene expression
If not methylated thet promote gene expression leading to transcription. TRUE OR FALSE?

A

TRUE

54
Q

How does Decitabine a demethylating agent work?

A
  • Inhibits methylation of cytosines
55
Q

vismodegib a hedgehog pathway is teratogenic. TRUE OR FALSE?

A

-TRUE

56
Q

Ipilimab is a monoclonal antibody against CTLA4. true or false?

A

true

57
Q

Ipilimab is teratogenic. true or false?

A

true

58
Q

Rituximab is a non-hogkins indicated with B cell malignancies. true or false?

A

true

Alan's lecture - Pharmacology (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions