Oncology Flashcards
Hepatoblastoma
Most common cause of a large liver mass in children, elevated alpha fetoprotein
Wilms Tumor
Renal mass
Tumor lysis syndrome lab values
elevated potassium, phosphorus, and uric acid levels
Can cause renal failure which will result in elevated BUN, creatinine and decreased calcium
Non Hodgkins vs hodgkins
Non is and emergency, it’s fast acting
Non Hodgkin presentation
Abdomen- mass n/v hematochezia pain
Mediastinum dysphasia Svc syndrome chest pain
Head/neck: facial swelling, snoring, rhinorrhea, cervical lymphadenopathy
Neuroblastoma
Neoplasm of the sympathetic nervous system
Tumors in chest abdomen and pelvis
Mediastinal mass presentation
Cough dyspnea hoarseness strider Orthopnea syncope tachycardia jvd cyanosis
Tumor lysis syndrome presentation
Hyperurecemia hyperphosphatemia hyperkalemia hypocalcemia elevated ldh elevated creatinine arrythmias seizure
Caused by rapid release of lysed tumor cells
TLS management
Aggressive hydration diuretics correct electrolytes allopurinol for hyperuricemia May need dialysis
Hyperleukocytosis presentation
Headache tinnitus ataxia behavioral changes seizure
Lungs tachypnea resp distress hypoxia hemorrhage ARDS
Renal failure factuality’s priapism cardiac failure
Typhlitis
Intra abdominal emergency
Inflammation of cecum
Rlq pain mucosutis
Give broad spectrum abx
Neutropenia
Neutrophil count less than 500
Febrile neutropenia evaluation
Blood culture
Clean catch urine (no cath)
Chest x ray if symptomatic
Respiratory and stool panel if symptomatic
Abx for febrile neutropenia
Mono therapy with antipseudomonal beta lactam (carbenicillin, cefadroxil, ceohalexin or cephradine) or carbapenem (meropenem)
Obsoclonus myoclonus is associated with what oncologic diagnosis
Neuroblastoma
Autologous stem cell transplant
The patient receives their own peripheral blood or bone marrow
Indications for autologous hsct
Solid tumor malignancies
Neuroblastoma Hodgkin lymphoma
Allogenic hsct
A patient receives donated stem cells, peripheral cells or umbilical cord cells
Indications for allogenic hsct
Malignant or non malignant diseases affecting the blood or bone marrow
Leukemia hemoglobinopathy immunodeficiency
Hsct complications
Sinusoidal obstructive syndrome Mucositis Pancytopenia Recurrence of disease Gvhd Infection
Mucositis
Painful GI tract ulcerations
Symptoms of Mucositis
Vomiting anorexia diarrhea increased oral secretions severe pain bleeding
Sinusoidal obstructive syndrome
Endothelial damage
Portal hypertension leading to hepatocyte necrosis
Dysregulated coagulation
SOS symptoms
Fluid overload hepatomegaly hyperbolili wt gain
Target organs in gvhd
Skin, gut, liver
Congenital anomalies associated with pilyhydramnios
Anacephaly hydrocephaly TEF duodenal atresia spina bifida cleft lip/palate DH achrondroplasia T21 T18 TORCH hydrops
