Oncogenes

Question 0

ERBB2(HER2/Neu)

Answer 0

-growth factor receptor
-epidermal growth factor
Mech: amplification
Example: subset of breast carcinomas

Question 1

PDGFB

Answer 1

-growth factor
-platelet derived growth factor
-mech: over expression, autocrine loop
Example: astrocytoma

Question 2

RET

Answer 2

-growth factor receptors
-neural growth factor receptor
Mech: point mutation
Example: MEN2a, MEN2b, and sporadic medullary carcinoma of thyroid

Question 3

KIT

Answer 3

Growth factor receptor
-stem cell growth factor receptor
Mech: point mutation
Example: GI stromal tumor

Question 4

RAS

Answer 4

Signal transducers
-GTP-binding protein
Mech:point mutation
Example: carcinomas, melanoma, lymphoma

Question 5

ABL

Answer 5

Signal transducers
-tyrosine kinase
Mech: t(9,22) with BCR
Example: CML and other types of ALL

Question 6

C-myc

Answer 6

Nuclear regulators
-transcription factor
Mech: t(8,14) with IgH
Example: Burkitts lymphoma

Question 7

N-myc

Answer 7

Nuclear regulator
-transcription factor
Mech: amplification
Example: neuroblastoma

Question 8

L-myc

Answer 8

Nuclear regulator
-transcription factor
Mech: amplification
Example: small cell lung carcinoma

Question 9

Cyclin D1

Answer 9

Cell cycle regulator
-cyclin
Mech: t(11,14) with IgH
Example: mantle cell lymphoma

Question 10

CDK4

Answer 10

Cell cycle regulator
Cyclin-dependent kinase
Mech: amplification
Example: melanoma

Question 11

Gain of function–>increased cancer risk

Answer 11

Need damage to only 1 allele