OMEDED1 Flashcards
What are the three classic findings of allergic rhinitis and what are the top two treatments?
Allergic shiners, nasal crease, pale nasal mucosa
Avoidance and topical steroids
What is West Syndrome? What is the sign on EEG? What is the treatment for it?
Infantile spasms
Hypsarrhythmia on EEG
Cosyntropin or ACTH
What are two findings on blood smear for sickle cell?
Howell jolly bodies and sickle cells
What does BRUE stand for and what is the difference between high risk and low risk?
Benign resolved unexplained events
Low risk: over 60 days old and first episode
High risk: younger than 60 days and multiple episodes
When a new baby is born, when can we move straight to suctioning of the mouth and nose followed by stimulating and drying?
When would we need to do endotracheal suctioning and ET tube?
When do we do PPV?
Good respiratory effort, vigorous cry and pulse over 100
Pulse between 60 and 100, poor respiratory effort and meconium
Kid is floppy, pulse below 60 and respiratory effort sucks
What is the treatment for gonococcal conjunctivitis in a neonate?
IV or intramuscular ceftriaxone
What are the three steps to diagnose hirshprung?
Treatment?
Abdominal x ray, contrast enema, rectal suction biopsy
Resection of distal colon
What is the sign on X-ray for epiglottitis?
Thumb sign
3 symptoms to always know with TB?
Fever, night sweats and weight loss
Cyanotic heart + NOT diagnosed at birth will equal?
Tetralogy
Two symptoms to know for a peritonsillar abscess and what would X ray show?
Tonsillar shift or deviation in the presence of a fever
Normal x ray
What is the first step in diagnosing esophageal atresia?
NG tube and x ray to confirm its placement
What is the first step in diagnosing/confirming coarctation of the aorta?
Echo
Let’s say you get a kid with a upper respiratory viral infection with a fever, but everything is good. He has a little protein in the urine. What would be the next best step?
Repeat the urine dipstick a week later to see if protein is still there.
When a baby is born with an imperforate anus, what do you need to evaluate for?
VACTERL
Vertebral anomalies, anal atresia, cardiac defects, tracheoesophageal fistula, esophageal fistula, renal anomalies, limb deformities
What do you start with when evaluating for VACTERL?
Echo for cardiac defects and placing NG tube for fistula
Once VACTERL is ruled out, how do you repair the anus?
If the colon is high enough, meaning too far away from the anus, then colostomy bag.
If it is low, close to anus, then just sew it together.
For symptomatic neonatal hypoglycemia, how do we treat?
IV dextrose bolus
What do we give a baby to replace their formula if they have an allergy to milk soy formula?
Hydrolyzed formula
What is the antibiotic of choice for otitis media?
Oral amoxicillin
What is the best way to effectively reduce the number of or prevent pain crisis in sickle cell patients and what is the mechanism of the treatment?
Hydroxyurea
Increases the number of fetal hemoglobin which cant sickle
Nodule on the tibial tuberosity in a teenager equals?
Osgood Schlatter
Nighttime bed wetting in children of what age is not pathological?
What is the difference between primary and secondary enuresis?
Less than 5
Primary is the kid was never dry at night and secondary is the kid was dry at night for at least 6 months and then started wetting the bed again
Bloody diarrhea with unintentional weight loss in a teenager should prompt evaluation for what?
IBD
What are the two peaks in age for IBD?
10-20 and 50-80
How do we diagnose necrotizing enterocolitis in the neonate with abdominal imaging?
Air in the wall of the bowel
What four diseases are essential to think about with a premature infant?
Intraventricular hemorrhage, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, retinopathy of prematurity, and necrotizing enterocolitis
If a baby boy has a hypospadias or epispadias at birth, what is the best course of management and how does that effect the circumcision?
Surgical correction and delay the circumcision
2 signs on x ray for TTN and treatment?
2 signs on x ray for RDS and treatment?
Hyper-inflated and wet, CPAP
Under inflated and granular, incubate and surfactant
When would we do a laparoscopy instead of air enema for intussusception?
When we think the bowel is dead and then it becomes emergency surgery.
