old stuff Flashcards
What is hierarchy of habits
An explanation for learning plateaus that suggest that different habits must be acquired. Improvements in performance are not observed until new habits are learned.
Comparable - worth controversy
A controversy that centers on the issue of whether organizations should be required to establish a common set of criteria for evaluating the worth of jobs and to provide equal pay for jobs of comparable worth
Junior boards
a Training technique that consists of assigning new trainees to an executive board responsible for making a decision
Laboratory Training
Also known as sensitivity training or T-group training. This type of training consists of an unstructured group discussion in which the participants talk about their personal feelings and reactions toward each other
difference between training and education
While training refers to the acquisition of specific skills or knowledge, education is much more general and attempts to provide students with general knowledge that can be applied in many different settings
Self-Efficacy
a belief in ones own capability to perform a specific task
job enlargement
Making a job larger by adding more of the same kinds of elements
Concession bargaining
a type of collective bargaining where workers agree to give up some existing benefits or wages in exchange for job security or other concessions, often used when employers face financial difficulties
qualified privilege doctrine
Allows past employers to share relevant job related personal information about an applicant with future employers
Salting
When a union tries to get union members hired at non-union firms in an effort to organizing the other employees
Cafeteria benefit plans
A cafeteria plan, also known as a Section 125 plan, is an employer-sponsored benefit plan that allows employees to choose from a variety of pre-tax benefits, reducing their taxable income
De minimus violations
no direct or immediate relationship to job safety or health
hay Method
The Hay method, or Korn Ferry Hay Guide Chart-Profile Method, is a job evaluation methodology used to assess the relative value of jobs within an organization, focusing on three key factors: know-how, problem-solving, and accountability
work slowdown
employees report to work, but they accomplish very little
SEP
Permitted an employer to contribute to an employees IRA amount equal to 30,000 or 15 percent whichever is less. The small business job protection act of 1996 repealed SEP, although existing plans may continue
SBJPA
Small business job protection act. A law passed in 1996 that raised the minimum wage and made significant changes to pension plans
Quasi - experimental design
studies that occur in a natural setting where researches do not have complete control of the experimental setting. They are not as conclusive as other experimental designs
optional benefits.
Benefits that employers choose to provide that are required by law, such as health and accident insurance, pensions and pay for time not worked
Rote learning
a kind of learning that involves memorization and the association of words, symbols, objects or events
Obsolescence
a reduction in ability or effectiveness caused by lack of knowledge or skill due to either to forgetfulness or the creation of new knowledge and tech
QDRO
A Qualified Domestic Relations Order (QDRO) is a court order that allows a non-employee spouse to receive a portion of a retirement or pension plan during a divorce, ensuring the division of retirement benefits without penalties or tax liabilities.
Induction
The process of teaching and explaining what is right and why it is right
cliff vesting
Cliff vesting occurs when an employee becomes fully entitled to their benefits on a specific date rather than gradually becoming partially vested over time. Typically, cliff vesting is used in employer-sponsored retirement or stock option plans.
Retroactive inhibition
Retroactive inhibition, also known as retroactive interference, occurs when newly learned information interferes with the recall of previously learned information.
Four criteria for evaluating training programs
1) reactions, 2) learning 3)behavior and results
Sequencing effect
a form of evaluation bias that occurs when an employees ratings are influenced by a relative comparisons with the previous employee
Common situs picketing
When employee strike an employer that shares its premises with another employer, the unions picket signs must clearly indicate which employer they are striking
Standard hour plan
an individual or group incentive plan that pays a fixed rate per hour where the hour is measured by an hours worth of work rather than by a standard sixty minutes
percent of payroll
a method of calculating the cost of employee benefits by expressing the cost as a percentage of the total payroll costs.
Vicarious Learning
Vicarious learning is a form of learning where individuals acquire knowledge or skills by observing, analyzing, and modeling others, rather than through direct instruction or personal experience
Time-series design
In HR, a time-series design involves collecting and analyzing data over time to identify trends, patterns, and predict future outcomes related to employee performance, engagement, or other HR metrics
core period
In HR, “core period” or “core hours” refers to a designated time during the workday when employees are expected to be present and available for work-related activities, often used in conjunction with flexible work arrangements
Recordable cases
work-related injuries or illnesses that, according to OSHA guidelines, must be documented on an OSHA 300 Log. These cases typically involve death, loss of consciousness, days away from work, restricted work, or medical treatment beyond first aid
Operant conditioning
Operant conditioning is a psychological theory that pairs behaviors with consequences. When applied in a professional setting, employees either earn rewards when they exhibit behavior that benefits the company or receive penalties when their behavior isn’t productive.
Leniency-Strictness effect
rater bias where managers either consistently give overly positive (leniency) or overly negative (strictness) ratings, regardless of actual performance, leading to inaccurate performance evaluations.
General duty clause
The “general duty clause,” specifically Section 5(a)(1) of the Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) Act, requires employers to provide a workplace free from recognized hazards that are likely to cause death or serious physical harm, even if no specific OSHA standard exists for that hazard
Just noticeable difference
the minimum change in salary or benefits that employees can reliably perceive as a difference. for low pay levels, a small amount is noticeable for highly paid,large sum
Highly compensated employee
someone who earns more than 5% of company or over 105,000. employee benefits can not discriminate these employees
Individual practice associations
health care plans that consist of groups of drs. in private practive who provide some services to HMO subscribers, but most of their patients are not subscirbers
what is broadbanding
a compensation strategy where an organization consolidates multiple salary grades into fewer, broader pay bands, offering greater flexibility in managing employee compensation and career progression.
compa-ratio
In HR, a compa-ratio (short for comparative ratio) is a percentage that compares an employee’s salary to the midpoint or market rate for their job, helping assess if pay is fair and competitive. . pay divided by 100
Job enlargement
a making a job larger by adding more of the same kind of elements
Negatively accelerating learning curve
This is often observed in tasks that are relatively simple to master but offer diminishing returns on further practice. For example, consider a sales team learning to use a new customer relationship management
Level of learning: Knowledge
at the knowledge level, the learner can recall specific facts
MBO
Management by objectives (MBO) is a strategic management model that aims to improve the performance of an organization by clearly defining objectives that are agreed to by both management and employees. According to the theory, having a say in goal setting and action plans encourages participation and commitment among employees, and aligns objectives across the organization.
Level of learning: Synthesis
learner capable of drawing from related sources of info to gain broad understanding and reach conclusions
sandwich interview
refers to a technique where an interviewer uses a structured approach, starting and ending with positive questions or observations, and then delving into more challenging or probing questions in the middle.
Level of learning: Analysis
At the analysis, the learner is capable of understanding why the phenomena exist
Levels of learning: Application
At the application level, learner is able to apply the information to practical problems
Level of learning: Comprehension
at this level, learner is able to grasp the significance of the facts and perceive their importance
Level of learning: Evaluation
the learner is capable of making judgements of value and worth
Environmental scanning
Environmental scanning is the process of systematically surveying and interpreting data to identify external opportunities and threats that could influence future decisions, helping organizations proactively respond to external impacts
Eustress
