LAWS Flashcards
skill variety
The degree to which a job allows workers to develop and use their skills to avoid the monotony of performing the same task repeatedly. One of the core dimensions of a job
six levels of learning
1)knowledge, 2) comprehension 3) application 4)analysis, 5) synthesis and evaluation
Simulation
a training technique in which the trainee learns to respond in a training environment that is a reproduction of real-life conditions
social cognitive theory
a theory of learning based on observational and symbolic learning. Learning is influenced by what is reinforced, either extrinsically or through self administered reinforcement, especially the anticipation of future rewards. The environment influences individual behavior, but individuals in turn influence their environment
Solomon four group design
Research design in which participants are randomly assigned to four groups. Two groups are pretested and two groups participate in training
symbolic learning
a process of leaning that uses symbols such as words, mental images, an other cognitive associations
Passive Decay
an explanation for forgetting in which information that is not used is gradually forgotten and lost from memory
positive transfer of training
when the training activities enhance performance in the new situation
Cooperative education
a learning experience that combines both work and education. students work as employees in an organization under the direction of their supervisors and academic instructors
contributory pension plans
a plan in which both the employees and the employer make contributions to the pension fund
NLRB
National Labor Relations Board. Established by congress through the Wagner act to protect the rights of employees, employers, unions and the general public. conducts representation elections and resolves unfair labor practices
sympathy strike
An action by secondary unions in support of a strike by a primary union that needs help
noncompete agreement
agreements that restrict employees from competing with the employer following termination of employment
lockout
the employer closes the doors of the company and refuses to allow the employees to continue working
zero-sum problem
a form of evaluation bias whereby employee evaluations must fit a specified average or total. For someone to be rated high, someone else must be rated low
Classical conditioning
a form of learning involving responses of the autonomic nervous system where a conditioned stimulus (cs) is paired with an unconditioned stimulus (UCS) to produce a conditioned response
secondary boycott
an illegal action that creates economic pressure on a secondary business, such as a supplier or customer of the primary business and is thereby designed to create pressure on the primary business
closed shop
a union security provision that an employer hire only union members. Closed shops are illegal except in the construction industry
internal financial procedure limits
Limits on the dollar amounts the various employees are allowed to spend without further authorizations
Halo Effect
In HR, the halo effect is a cognitive bias where a positive or negative impression based on one trait unfairly influences overall assessments of a person, leading to skewed hiring, performance evaluations, and promotions.
epidemiology
Epidemiology is the study of the distribution, determinants, and control of health and disease in populations
Rabbi Trust
A “rabbi trust” is a type of irrevocable trust used to fund deferred compensation arrangements, allowing employers to set aside funds for executives’ benefits while deferring tax liability for the employee until the benefits are received.
Medicare
A social security benefit that pays medical expenses of employees over age 65 and permanent disability payments for individuals under age 65
unfair labor practice
An unfair labor practice (ULP) is an action by an employer or union that violates the rights of employees, as defined by labor laws like the National Labor Relations Act (NLRA). Examples include interfering with union activity, discriminating against employees, or refusing to bargain in good faith.
critical incidents
essay descriptions of especially good or bad responses by employees to their jobs. These descriptions are useful in identifying the important dimensions of successful performance
Forced-choice technique
An evaluation procedure that contains pairs of items, both sounding equally desirable, but only one item in each pair is actually descriptive of an outstanding performer
Rucker share of production plan
a company wide inventive plan in which compensation is based on a ration of income to value added by the employees in the production process
who is not covered by OSHA
Self employed persons, family farms where only families work, workplaces already covered by other federal statutes and state and local governments
Willful violations
intentional disregard for a specific OSHA standard or the general duty clause
imputed income
Reimbursements or expenses paid by an employer that are treated as taxable income to the employee such as excessive moving expenses or domestic partner health benefits
Yellow-dog contract
a contract between a worker and an employer in which the worker agrees not to remain in or join a union.
Core Period
Period of time when employees on flexible work hours must be at work
implied contract
An implied contract is a legally binding agreement formed not by explicit words (written or spoken), but by the actions, conduct, and circumstances of the parties involved, demonstrating a mutual intent to contract
Vestibule Training
a training technique in which trainees are placed in a special training room that is a replication of the actual job situation
allocation formula
The formula used in profit sharing plans that determines how the profit is allocated to individuals, itis normally based on seniority and performance
common situs picketing
When employees strike an employee that share its premise with another employer, the unions picket signs must clearly indicate which employer they are striking
Representation election
an election that is held to determine whether the workers want to be replaced by a union.
constructive discharge
occurs when an employer forces an employee to resign by creating intolerable working conditions, effectively making the employee’s resignation a “constructive termination”
consumer picketing
Consumer picketing involves protesters, often unions, standing outside a business to inform customers and urge them not to purchase certain products or patronize the store, typically during a labor dispute.
unobtrusive measures
An “unobtrusive measure” in research refers to a method of collecting data without the knowledge or participation of the individuals being studied, aiming to minimize the impact of the research on their behavior like from employee files or archives
sequencing effect
a form of evaluation bias that occurs when an employee ratings are influenced by a relative comparisons with the previous employee
