LAWS

Question 1

skill variety

Answer 1

The degree to which a job allows workers to develop and use their skills to avoid the monotony of performing the same task repeatedly. One of the core dimensions of a job

Question 2

six levels of learning

Answer 2

1)knowledge, 2) comprehension 3) application 4)analysis, 5) synthesis and evaluation

Question 3

Simulation

Answer 3

a training technique in which the trainee learns to respond in a training environment that is a reproduction of real-life conditions

Question 4

social cognitive theory

Answer 4

a theory of learning based on observational and symbolic learning. Learning is influenced by what is reinforced, either extrinsically or through self administered reinforcement, especially the anticipation of future rewards. The environment influences individual behavior, but individuals in turn influence their environment

Question 5

Solomon four group design

Answer 5

Research design in which participants are randomly assigned to four groups. Two groups are pretested and two groups participate in training

Question 6

symbolic learning

Answer 6

a process of leaning that uses symbols such as words, mental images, an other cognitive associations

Question 7

Passive Decay

Answer 7

an explanation for forgetting in which information that is not used is gradually forgotten and lost from memory

Question 8

positive transfer of training

Answer 8

when the training activities enhance performance in the new situation

Question 9

Cooperative education

Answer 9

a learning experience that combines both work and education. students work as employees in an organization under the direction of their supervisors and academic instructors

Question 10

contributory pension plans

Answer 10

a plan in which both the employees and the employer make contributions to the pension fund

Question 11

NLRB

Answer 11

National Labor Relations Board. Established by congress through the Wagner act to protect the rights of employees, employers, unions and the general public. conducts representation elections and resolves unfair labor practices

Question 12

sympathy strike

Answer 12

An action by secondary unions in support of a strike by a primary union that needs help

Question 13

noncompete agreement

Answer 13

agreements that restrict employees from competing with the employer following termination of employment

Question 14

lockout

Answer 14

the employer closes the doors of the company and refuses to allow the employees to continue working

Question 15

zero-sum problem

Answer 15

a form of evaluation bias whereby employee evaluations must fit a specified average or total. For someone to be rated high, someone else must be rated low

Question 16

Classical conditioning

Answer 16

a form of learning involving responses of the autonomic nervous system where a conditioned stimulus (cs) is paired with an unconditioned stimulus (UCS) to produce a conditioned response

Question 17

secondary boycott

Answer 17

an illegal action that creates economic pressure on a secondary business, such as a supplier or customer of the primary business and is thereby designed to create pressure on the primary business

Question 18

closed shop

Answer 18

a union security provision that an employer hire only union members. Closed shops are illegal except in the construction industry

Question 19

internal financial procedure limits

Answer 19

Limits on the dollar amounts the various employees are allowed to spend without further authorizations

Question 20

Halo Effect

Answer 20

In HR, the halo effect is a cognitive bias where a positive or negative impression based on one trait unfairly influences overall assessments of a person, leading to skewed hiring, performance evaluations, and promotions.

Question 21

epidemiology

Answer 21

Epidemiology is the study of the distribution, determinants, and control of health and disease in populations

Question 22

Rabbi Trust

Answer 22

A “rabbi trust” is a type of irrevocable trust used to fund deferred compensation arrangements, allowing employers to set aside funds for executives’ benefits while deferring tax liability for the employee until the benefits are received.

Question 23

Medicare

Answer 23

A social security benefit that pays medical expenses of employees over age 65 and permanent disability payments for individuals under age 65

Question 24

unfair labor practice

Answer 24

An unfair labor practice (ULP) is an action by an employer or union that violates the rights of employees, as defined by labor laws like the National Labor Relations Act (NLRA). Examples include interfering with union activity, discriminating against employees, or refusing to bargain in good faith.

Question 25

critical incidents

Answer 25

essay descriptions of especially good or bad responses by employees to their jobs. These descriptions are useful in identifying the important dimensions of successful performance

Question 26

Forced-choice technique

Answer 26

An evaluation procedure that contains pairs of items, both sounding equally desirable, but only one item in each pair is actually descriptive of an outstanding performer

Question 27

Rucker share of production plan

Answer 27

a company wide inventive plan in which compensation is based on a ration of income to value added by the employees in the production process

Question 28

who is not covered by OSHA

Answer 28

Self employed persons, family farms where only families work, workplaces already covered by other federal statutes and state and local governments

Question 29

Willful violations

Answer 29

intentional disregard for a specific OSHA standard or the general duty clause

Question 30

imputed income

Answer 30

Reimbursements or expenses paid by an employer that are treated as taxable income to the employee such as excessive moving expenses or domestic partner health benefits

Question 31

Yellow-dog contract

Answer 31

a contract between a worker and an employer in which the worker agrees not to remain in or join a union.

Question 32

Core Period

Answer 32

Period of time when employees on flexible work hours must be at work

Question 33

implied contract

Answer 33

An implied contract is a legally binding agreement formed not by explicit words (written or spoken), but by the actions, conduct, and circumstances of the parties involved, demonstrating a mutual intent to contract

Question 34

Vestibule Training

Answer 34

a training technique in which trainees are placed in a special training room that is a replication of the actual job situation

Question 35

allocation formula

Answer 35

The formula used in profit sharing plans that determines how the profit is allocated to individuals, itis normally based on seniority and performance

Question 36

common situs picketing

Answer 36

When employees strike an employee that share its premise with another employer, the unions picket signs must clearly indicate which employer they are striking

Question 37

Representation election

Answer 37

an election that is held to determine whether the workers want to be replaced by a union.

Question 38

constructive discharge

Answer 38

occurs when an employer forces an employee to resign by creating intolerable working conditions, effectively making the employee's resignation a "constructive termination"

Question 39

consumer picketing

Answer 39

Consumer picketing involves protesters, often unions, standing outside a business to inform customers and urge them not to purchase certain products or patronize the store, typically during a labor dispute.

Question 40

unobtrusive measures

Answer 40

An "unobtrusive measure" in research refers to a method of collecting data without the knowledge or participation of the individuals being studied, aiming to minimize the impact of the research on their behavior like from employee files or archives

Question 41

sequencing effect

Answer 41

a form of evaluation bias that occurs when an employee ratings are influenced by a relative comparisons with the previous employee