OET R, S, T, U, V, W Flashcards
Race
A category of humankind that shares certain distinctive physical traits; a competition between runners or vehicles to see which is the fastest over a set course نژاد، مسابقه
Ramification
A consequence of an action or event
عواقب ، نتیجه، انشعاب، چند شاخگی
Rampant
Flourishing or spreading unchecked شایع، افسارگسیخته، فراوان
Ravel
Untangle or unravel (something); separate into threads باز کردن، گشودن
Reap
Cut or gather (a crop or harvest); receive (something) بریدن و جمع کردن ، برداشت محصول ، بدست آوردن
Rear/rearing
Bring up and care for (a child or young animal) until they are fully grown; the back part of something پرورش دادن؛ عقب
Recede
Go or move back or further away from a previous position عقب رفتن، پس رفتن
Reckless
Rashly or heedlessly careless بی پروا، بی احتیاط
Reclaim
Retrieve or recover (something previously lost or abandoned); bring (waste land or land formerly under water) under cultivation بازپس گرفتن، احیا کردن
Recount
Give an account of (an event or experience) in detail بازگو کردن، شرح دادن
Recreational
Relating to or denoting activity done for enjoyment when one is not working تفریحی، سرگرم کننده
Redemption
The action of saving or being saved from sin رستگاری، رهایی، نجات، استرداد، از گرو درآوردن
Refined
Freed from impurities or unwanted elements; elegant and cultured in appearance
تصفیه شده ، خالص شده
Reflect
(Of a surface or body) throw back (light
Refrain from
Stop oneself from doing something خودداری کردن از
Regret
Feel sad
Rehearse
Practice (a play
Reimbursement
The action of repaying a person who has spent or lost money بازپرداخت، جبران خسارت
Reliance
Dependence on or trust in someone or something اتکا، وابستگی
Reluctance
Unwillingness or disinclination to do something بی میلی، اکراه
Rely on
Depend on with full trust or confidence تکیه کردن به، اعتماد کردن به
Repressed
Having feelings and desires that are not allowed to be expressed openly سرکوب شده
Recent
Having happened
Reservation
An arrangement whereby accommodation or a seat is secured in advance; a doubt or feeling of unease about something رزرو، رزرو کردن؛ تردید، ملاحظه
Resort to
Turn to and adopt (a strategy or course of action
Restraint
A measure or condition that keeps someone or something under control or within limits; unemotional
Resurgence
An increase or revival after a period of little activity
Retain
Continue to have (something); keep possession of نگه داشتن، حفظ کردن
Retract
Draw back or in; admit that something said or written is incorrect or untrue پس گرفتن، پس کشیدن؛ تکذیب کردن
Revelations (disclosure)
The making known of something that was previously secret or unknown افشاگری‌ها (فاش سازی)
Revenge
Action taken in return for an injury or offense انتقام
Revenue
Income
Rid
Free (someone or something) of (an unwanted person or thing) خلاص کردن، رها کردن
Rigorous (careful)
Extremely thorough
Rigor
Severity or strictness; harshness or severity of weather or other conditions سختی، دقت
Ritual
A religious or solemn ceremony consisting of a series of actions performed according to a prescribed order آیین، مراسم
Roadworthy
(Of a vehicle) in a fit state to be driven safely on a road قابل تردد در جاده، سالم برای رانندگی
Robust
Strong and healthy; vigorous قوی، نیرومند
Rudimentary
Limited to the basic principles; relating to an immature
Rugged
(Of ground or terrain) having a broken
Ruin
The physical destruction or disintegration of something or the state of disintegrating or being destroyed; the collapse of a building or other structure خرابی، ویرانی
Run out (required)
Be exhausted; no longer be available; be needed or required تمام شدن (لازم)
Rust
A reddish-brown coating on iron or steel caused by the chemical reaction of the metal with oxygen and water زنگ
S
Sanction
Official permission or approval for an action; a penalty or other means of enforcement used to provide incentives for obedience with the law
Scab
A crusty layer that forms over a wound or sore during healing دلمه، پوسته زخم
Scaffolding
A temporary structure on the outside of a building
Scandal
An action or event regarded as morally or legally wrong and causing general public outrage رسوایی، افتضاح
Scarce
(Especially of food
Skeptical
Not easily convinced; having doubts or reservations شکاک، بدبین
Skepticism
An attitude of doubt or a tendency to question claims or statements شک گرایی، بدبینی
Scrape
Drag something sharp or rough across a surface so as to remove dirt or other matter; damage or injure (a part of the body) by rubbing it against a rough or sharp surface خراشیدن، ساییدن؛ خراش، ساییدگی
Scraps
Small pieces of leftover food; waste material that can be salvaged for use تکه‌های غذا، ضایعات
Scream
Give a long
Scriptures
The sacred writings of a religion کتب مقدس
Sculpt out
Create or shape (something) by carving
Seldom
Rarely or infrequently به ندرت، کم
Self-fulfilling
(Of a prophecy or prediction) inevitably causing itself to become true due to positive feedback between belief and behavior خودکامبخش
Self-discipline
The ability to control one’s feelings and overcome one’s weaknesses; the ability to pursue what one thinks right despite temptations to abandon it خودانضباطی
Self-esteem
Confidence in one’s own worth or abilities; self-respect عزت نفس، اعتماد به نفس
Sensationally
In a way that causes great public interest and excitement به طور هیجان انگیز، به طور جنجالی
Sensible
Done or acting in accordance with reason or common sense; (of a person) practical and shrewd معقول، منطقی؛ عاقل، زیرک
Setbacks
A reversal or check in progress شکست، مانع
Settle
Resolve or conclude (an argument or disagreement); adopt a more steady or secure way of life حل و فصل کردن، فیصله دادن؛ مستقر شدن
Settle down
Become quiet and calm; adopt a more steady or secure style of life آرام شدن؛ مستقر شدن
Settler
A person who goes to live in a new country or region مهاجر، شهرک نشین
Shade
Comparative darkness and coolness caused by shelter from direct sunlight; a color
Sham (fake)
A thing that is not what it is purported to be; a deception; not genuine or true; fake تقلبی (جعلی)
Shareholder
An owner of shares in a company سهامدار
Checkout
The place in a store where one pays for goods; the procedure by which one signifies their departure from a hotel or similar establishment صندوق، محل پرداخت؛ تسویه حساب
Shelter
A place giving temporary protection from bad weather or danger پناهگاه
Shopper stopper
Something that is very striking or surprising and causes people to stop and look چیزی که توجه خریداران را به شدت جلب می‌کند
Shortcoming
A fault or failure to meet a certain standard
Shot
An act of firing a gun or releasing an arrow; an attempt to do or achieve something; a photograph شلیک، تیر؛ تلاش؛ عکس
Show up
Appear or arrive حاضر شدن، رسیدن
Shrivel up
Wrinkle and contract or cause to wrinkle and contract
Sibling
A person’s brother or sister خواهر یا برادر
Sickness (nausea and vomiting)
The state of being ill; the feeling of needing to vomit بیماری (تهوع و استفراغ)
Sift
Examine (something) thoroughly so as to isolate that which is most important or useful; put (a fine
Silver lining (positive aspect)
A comforting or hopeful aspect of an otherwise desperate or unhappy situation جنبه مثبت (امیدواری)
Sinister
Giving the impression that something harmful or evil is happening or will happen شوم، بدیمن
Sins (hex)
An immoral act considered to be a transgression against divine law; a magic spell; a hex گناهان (طلسم)
Skateboard
A short narrow board with two small wheels fixed to the bottom of either end
Skeptical
Doubtful about the truth of something شکاک
Skeptics
People who habitually doubt accepted beliefs شکاکان
Skew
Suddenly change direction or position; distort (something) in a way that makes it inaccurate or misleading منحرف کردن، کج کردن؛ تحریف کردن
Slime
A thick
Slip (slipped)
Lose one’s footing and slide unintentionally for a short distance; slide out of control لیز خوردن (لیز خورد)
Slot
A long
Smelting
Extracting (metal) from its ore by heating and melting ذوب کردن
Snapshot
A photograph taken quickly and informally
Snaring
Catching (an animal) in a snare (a trap consisting of a loop of wire or cord) به دام انداختن
Snuggling
Settling oneself comfortably close to someone or something; nestling نوازش کردن، بغل کردن
Soar
Fly or rise high in the air; increase rapidly above the usual level اوج گرفتن، صعود کردن
Sobs
A convulsive catching of breath with audible sounds; weeping convulsively هق هق، گریه با هق هق
Sonata
A composition for an instrumental soloist
Soothing
Gently calming or relieving pain or distress آرامش بخش، تسکین دهنده
Sore
(Of a part of the body) painful or aching دردناک، ملتهب
Sort out (defined)
Resolve a problem or difficulty; organize or arrange something in a methodical way مرتب کردن (تعریف شده)
Sounder
More reliable
Span / Spanning
The full extent of something from end to end; extend across (a period of time or a range of subjects) طول/در بر گرفتن
Spanner
A hand tool with a jaw or opening that fits around a nut or bolt to turn it آچار
Spare
Additional to what is required for ordinary use; kept in reserve; give (something of which one has enough) to (someone who has less or is in need of it) اضافی، یدکی؛ بخشیدن
Spatial
Relating to or occupying space فضایی، مکانی
Spats
Short cloth or leather gaiters reaching to the ankle or instep گتر
Spear
A weapon with a pointed tip
Specter
Something widely feared as a possible unpleasant or dangerous occurrence; a ghost or phantom شبح، روح
Speculate
Form a theory or conjecture about a subject without firm evidence حدس زدن، گمانه زدن
Speculate on
Form a theory or conjecture about (something) without firm evidence حدس زدن درباره، گمانه زدن درباره
Spirits
The nonphysical part of a person regarded as their true self and as capable of surviving physical death or separation; a person’s mood روح، روان؛ روحیه
Spurious
Not being what it purports to be; false or fake جعلی، ساختگی
Spurred
Give an incentive or encouragement to (someone) تحریک شده، ترغیب شده
Squirming
Wriggling or twisting the body from side to side
Staggering
So surprisingly impressive as to stun or overwhelm; walking or moving unsteadily
Stamina
The ability to sustain prolonged physical or mental effort استقامت، توان
Stance
The way in which someone stands
Standpoint
A point of view دیدگاه، نقطه نظر
Staring
Looking fixedly or vacantly at someone or something with one’s eyes wide open زل زدن
Startling
Very surprising
Startling Insights
Surprisingly clear or deep understandings of something بینش‌های شگفت آور
Stave off
Avert or delay (something bad or dangerous) جلوگیری کردن از، دفع کردن
Stereotype
A widely held but fixed and oversimplified image or idea of a particular type of person or thing کلیشه، تصور قالبی
Stigma (disgrace)
A mark of disgrace associated with a particular circumstance
Stitch up
Sew together (a wound); frame (someone) by fabricating evidence بخیه زدن؛ پاپوش درست کردن
Stoic
A person who can endure pain or hardship without showing their feelings or complaining; enduring pain and hardship without showing one’s feelings رواقی، کسی که احساساتش را بروز نمی‌دهد
Stricken
Seriously affected by an undesirable feeling or illness مبتلا شده، گرفتار شده
Strides
Long
Strikes
Refusals to work organized by a body of employees as a form of protest
Stringent
(Of regulations
Strive to / Strive for
Make great efforts to achieve or obtain something تلاش کردن برای/تلاش کردن برای رسیدن به
Strives
Makes great efforts to achieve or obtain something تلاش می‌کند
Struck
Past participle of strike; hit forcibly and deliberately زده شده، اصابت کرده
Struggle
Make strenuous efforts to do or achieve something difficult تلاش کردن، دست و پنجه نرم کردن
Stubborn
Having or showing dogged determination not to change one’s attitude or position on something
Stubbornly
In a manner showing dogged determination not to change one’s attitude or position on something به طور لجبازانه، با سرسختی
Stud
A small ornament or piece of jewelry worn on clothing or the body; a male animal
Stuff
Material
Stunned
So shocked that one is temporarily unable to react; astonished مبهوت، حیرت زده
Sturdy
Strongly and solidly built محکم، قوی
Subordinating
Treating or regarding as of lesser importance than something else فرعی کردن، کم اهمیت تر جلوه دادن
Subsequently
After a particular thing has happened; afterward متعاقباً، بعداً
Substantial
Of considerable importance
Subtleties
The quality of being subtle; a subtle distinction or variation ظرافت‌ها، نکات دقیق
Subvert
Undermine the power and authority of (an established system or institution) برانداختن، سرنگون کردن
Sued
Instituted legal proceedings against (someone) شکایت کرد، اقامه دعوی کرد
Surmised
Supposed that something is true without having evidence to confirm it حدس زد، گمان کرد
Swap out
Replace (something) with something else عوض کردن، جایگزین کردن
Swathe
Wrap in several layers of fabric; a broad strip or area of something پیچیدن، قنداق کردن؛ نوار پهن، منطقه وسیع
Sweep
Clean (an area) by brushing away dirt or litter; move swiftly and smoothly through or across an area جارو کردن؛ به سرعت حرکت کردن
Swiftly
In a quick and prompt manner به سرعت، به تندی
T
Tackle
Make determined efforts to deal with (a problem or difficult task) برخورد کردن با، مقابله کردن با
Tact
Skill and sensitivity in dealing with others or with difficult issues تدبیر، ظرافت
Tactfully
With skill and sensitivity in dealing with others or with difficult issues با تدبیر، با ظرافت
Tactics
An action or strategy carefully planned to achieve a specific end تاکتیک، روش
Tailored (suited)
Made or adapted for a particular purpose or person; well fitted سفارشی (مناسب)
Take hold
Become established or effective; grip something tightly جا افتادن، موثر شدن؛ محکم گرفتن
Tamper
Interfere with (something) in order to cause damage or make unauthorized alterations or in a secret or underhand way دستکاری کردن، مداخله کردن
Tampered
Interfered with (something) in order to cause damage or make unauthorized alterations or in a secret or underhand way دستکاری شده
Taunting
Provoking or challenging (someone) with insulting remarks تمسخر آمیز، طعنه زننده
Teary
Having tears in the eyes or inclined to weep اشک آلود
Teasing
Making fun of someone or provoking them in a playful way اذیت کردن، دست انداختن
Temptation
The desire to do something
Tenacious
Tending to keep a firm hold of something; clinging or adhering closely; not readily relinquishing a position
Tensile
Capable of being stretched or drawn out کششی
Tentative
Not certain or fixed; provisional; done without confidence; hesitant موقت، آزمایشی؛ مردد
Terrain
A stretch of land
Terrify
Frighten greatly; fill with terror وحشت زده کردن، ترساندن
Territory
An area of land under the jurisdiction of a ruler or state; an area in which a particular animal lives and defends against intruders قلمرو، سرزمین
Terror
Extreme fear وحشت، ترس شدید
Thankfully
In a thankful manner; with gratitude خوشبختانه، با سپاسگزاری
Thorn
A stiff
Thoughtful
Showing consideration for the needs or feelings of other people; engaged in or involving thought متفکر، با ملاحظه
Throbbing pain
A pain that pulsates or beats with a strong
Throne
A ceremonial chair for a monarch or bishop تخت پادشاهی، سریر
Throw away
Dispose of (something that is no longer wanted) دور انداختن
Thwart (prevent)
Prevent (someone) from accomplishing something خنثی کردن (جلوگیری کردن)
Toll
A charge payable for permission to use a particular bridge or road; the number of deaths or casualties resulting from a particular cause
Torture
The infliction of severe pain or suffering on someone as a punishment or in order to force them to do or say something شکنجه
Trafficking
Dealing or trading in something illegal قاچاق
Trails
A path through a wood
Trait
A distinguishing quality or characteristic
Trajectory
The path followed by a projectile flying or an object moving under the action of given forces مسیر حرکت، траектория
Tremendous
Extremely large or great عظیم، فوق العاده
Trivial
Of little value or importance بی اهمیت، ناچیز
Turnout
The number of people attending or taking part in an event
Tutor
A private teacher
U
Ubiquity (widely used)
The state of being everywhere at once (or seeming to be everywhere at once); being very common فراگیری (به طور گسترده استفاده شده)
Unsealed road
A road that is not paved or surfaced with asphalt or concrete جاده خاکی
Unabated
Without any reduction in intensity or strength بدون کاهش، بی وقفه
Unambiguous
Not open to more than one interpretation; clear and unequivocal صریح، واضح
Unblemished
Not damaged or marked in any way; perfect بی عیب و نقص
Uncanny
Strange or mysterious
Unconditional
Not subject to any conditions بی قید و شرط
Undermined
Damaged or weakened (someone or something)
Undermined by
Weakened or damaged by تضعیف شده توسط
Unduly
To an excessive degree; unnecessarily بیش از حد، بی جهت
Unearthed
Discovered (something hidden or lost) by digging or removing earth کشف شده، از زیر خاک بیرون آورده شده
Unfeasible
Not practical or workable غیرعملی، نشدنی
Unfold
Open out from a folded state; develop or be revealed gradually باز شدن، گشوده شدن؛ آشکار شدن
Unforeseen vs. foreseen
Not anticipated or predicted versus anticipated or predicted پیش بینی نشده در مقابل پیش بینی شده
Unintelligible
Impossible to understand غیرقابل فهم، نامفهوم
Unison
Simultaneous performance of action or utterance of speech; coincidence in pitch of two or more musical notes
Unlit road
A road that does not have any artificial lighting جاده بدون روشنایی
Unmet need
A need that has not been satisfied نیاز برآورده نشده
Unravel
Undo (twisted
Untidy
Not neat or well arranged نامرتب، شلخته
Upbringing
The way in which a child is raised تربیت
V
Vague
Of uncertain
Vanishing
Disappearing suddenly and completely محو شونده، ناپدید شونده
Vaping
Inhaling and exhaling the vapor produced by an electronic cigarette or similar device ویپینگ، استعمال دخانیات الکترونیکی
Vast
Of very great extent or quantity; immense وسیع، پهناور
Vegans
People who do not eat any food derived from animals and who typically do not use other animal products وگان‌ها، گیاهخواران مطلق
Verbose
Using or expressed in more words than are needed پر حرف، اطناب آمیز
Veneer
A thin decorative covering of fine wood or other material applied to a coarser surface; an attractive appearance that covers or disguises someone or something’s true nature or feelings روکش، قشر نازک؛ ظاهر فریبنده
Venerating
Regarding with great respect; revering بزرگداشتن، تکریم کردن
Verified (established)
Confirmed as true; having been shown to be true or accurate تایید شده (ثابت شده)
Vested
Secure in the possession of or having an absolute right to (property or a title); having a strong or legitimate reason for concern about something because one stands to benefit or lose by it محرز، مسلم؛ ذینفع
Vicinity
The area near or surrounding a particular place نزدیکی، مجاورت
Vignette
A brief evocative description
Vivisection
The practice of performing operations on live animals for the purpose of experimentation or scientific research کالبدشکافی روی حیوان زنده
W
Waive
Refrain from insisting on or using (a right or claim) صرف نظر کردن از، چشم پوشی کردن از
Walk-ins
People who arrive without having made an appointment مراجعه کنندگان بدون وقت قبلی
Wander off
Move away from the correct path or direction; start to talk or think about something else سرگردان شدن، منحرف شدن
Warrant (justify)
Officially affirm or guarantee; show or prove to be just or reasonable تضمین کردن (توجیه کردن)
Wary
Feeling or showing caution about possible dangers or problems محتاط، هوشیار
Weeping (exude liquid)
Shedding tears; (of a wound or sore) discharging liquid گریان (تراوش مایع)
Weird
Suggesting something supernatural; uncanny; strikingly odd or unusual عجیب، غریب
Welfare
The health
Well-funded
Having plenty of money available دارای بودجه کافی
Whimper
Make a series of low
Willpower
The ability to control one’s own actions
Wind up (wound up)
Bring or come to an end; tighten the spring of a clockwork mechanism; tense and nervous به پایان رسیدن (کوک شده)
Wine concoction
A mixture or preparation of wine with other ingredients ترکیب شراب
Wipeout
An accident in surfing
Witch
A woman thought to have evil magic powers
Wobble board
A board balanced on a pivot
Womb (uterus)
The organ in the lower body of a woman or female mammal where offspring are conceived and in which they gestate before birth; the uterus رحم
Worn out
Damaged or impaired by long use فرسوده، کهنه
Wrapped up
Completely involved in something; finished or completed درگیر شده، مشغول؛ تمام شده، تکمیل شده
Wrench
A sudden
