OET 16_20 Flashcards
1
Q
Greet
A
To welcome someone with particular words or actions.
سلام کردن، درود فرستادن
2
Q
Grief
A
Deep sorrow, especially that caused by someone’s death. The psychological feeling caused by the experience of the death of a loved one.
غم، اندوه، سوگ
3
Q
Grievance = complaint
A
A real or imagined wrong or other cause for complaint or protest, especially unfair treatment; A formal statement of a complaint over something wrong.
شکایت، گله
4
Q
Ground-breaking
A
Innovative; pioneering; involving new discoveries or methods.
پیشگامانه، نوآورانه
5
Q
Halt
A
To bring or come to an abrupt stop.
توقف، ایست
6
Q
Handrail
A
A rail fixed to posts or a wall for people to hold on to for support.
نرده، دستگیره
7
Q
Harassment
A
Aggressive pressure or intimidation; behavior that annoys or upsets someone.
آزار، اذیت، مزاحمت
8
Q
Hasten
A
To be quick to do something; move or travel hurriedly.
عجله کردن، شتافتن
9
Q
Hatred
A
Intense dislike or ill will.
نفرت، کینه
10
Q
Headway
A
Forward movement; progress in a particular situation.
پیشرفت، ترقی
11
Q
Hemp
A
A plant fibre used in rope, fabric etc; the cannabis plant.
شاهدانه، کنف
12
Q
Hierarchies
A
Systems in which members of an organization or society are ranked according to relative status or authority.
سلسله مراتب
13
Q
Herd
A
A large group of animals, especially hoofed mammals, that live, feed, or migrate together or are kept together as livestock.
گله، رمه
14
Q
Heroic
A
Having the characteristics of a hero or heroine; very brave.
قهرمانانه، دلیرانه
15
Q
Heuristic
A
Enabling someone to discover or learn something for themselves; a hands-on or interactive approach to learning.
اکتشافی، ابتکاری
16
Q
Hibernaculum
A
A place where a creature seeks refuge, such as a bear’s den or a butterfly’s chrysalis; a winter shelter.
پناهگاه زمستانی
17
Q
Hibernation
A
The condition or period of an animal or plant spending the winter in a dormant state.
خواب زمستانی
18
Q
Hiking trip
A
A long walk, especially across country or in the woods.
پیاده‌روی طولانی (در طبیعت)
19
Q
Hives
A
An allergic reaction causing itchy red welts on the skin (also called urticaria).
کهیر
20
Q
Hobbling up
A
Walking in an awkward way, typically because of pain from an injury.
لنگ لنگان بالا رفتن
21
Q
Homeopathy
A
A system of complementary medicine in which ailments are treated by minute doses of natural substances that in larger amounts would produce symptoms of the ailment.
هومئوپاتی، همسان‌درمانی
22
Q
Hook up = connect
A
To connect someone or something to a piece of equipment or a supply of power, water, etc..
وصل کردن، متصل کردن
23
Q
Hoop
A
A rigid circular band.
حلقه
24
Q
Hospices
A
Homes providing care for the sick, especially the terminally ill.
آسایشگاه (بیماران لاعلاج)
25
Hotbed
An environment promoting the growth of something, especially something unwelcome.
## Footnote
کانون، مرکز فعالیت (اغلب منفی)
26
Housebound
Unable to leave one's house, typically due to illness or old age.
## Footnote
خانه‌نشین
27
Humble
Having or showing a modest or low estimate of one's importance.
## Footnote
فروتن، متواضع
28
Humiliate
To make (someone) feel ashamed and foolish by injuring their dignity and self-respect.
## Footnote
تحقیر کردن، خوار کردن
29
Humiliation
The action of humiliating someone or the state of being humiliated.
## Footnote
تحقیر، خفت
30
Humour (Humor)
The quality of being amusing or comic; a mood or state of mind.
## Footnote
شوخ طبعی، طنز، خلق و خو
31
Hustle
To push roughly; jostle; proceed or work rapidly or energetically.
## Footnote
تقلا کردن، با عجله حرکت کردن
32
Hyperbolical
Relating to or using language that exaggerates or claims not meant to be taken literally (hyperbole).
## Footnote
اغراق‌آمیز
33
Hypochondria
Abnormal anxiety about one's health, typically involving imaginary symptoms.
## Footnote
خودبیمارانگاری
34
Iconic
Relating to or of the nature of an icon; widely recognized and well-established.
## Footnote
نمادین، برجسته
35
Ignite
To catch fire or cause to catch fire.
## Footnote
مشتعل کردن، شعله‌ور کردن
36
Immense
Extremely large or great, especially in scale or degree.
## Footnote
عظیم، بی‌کران
37
Immigration
The action of coming to live permanently in a foreign country.
## Footnote
مهاجرت (به کشور دیگر)
38
Impact
The action of one object coming forcibly into contact with another; a marked effect or influence.
## Footnote
تأثیر، اثر، برخورد
39
Impactful
Having a major impact or effect.
## Footnote
تأثیرگذار، مؤثر
40
Impale
To pierce or transfix with a sharp instrument.
## Footnote
به سیخ کشیدن، سوراخ کردن
41
Impede = Preclude
To delay or prevent (someone or something) by obstructing them; hinder.
## Footnote
مانع شدن، جلوگیری کردن
42
Impediment
A hindrance or obstruction in doing something; a defect in a person's speech, such as a lisp or stammer.
## Footnote
مانع، اشکال، لکنت
43
Imperative
Of vital importance; crucial; giving an authoritative command.
## Footnote
ضروری، حیاتی، امری
44
Impinge
To have an effect, especially a negative one; advance over an area belonging to someone or something else; encroach.
## Footnote
تأثیر گذاشتن (منفی)، تجاوز کردن
45
Impingement
The action or state of impinging or encroaching on something; in medicine, abnormal contact and friction between tissues.
## Footnote
برخورد، گیر افتادگی (پزشکی)
46
Implement / implementation
Put (a decision, plan, agreement, etc.) into effect; the process of putting a decision or plan into effect.
## Footnote
اجرا کردن / اجرا، پیاده‌سازی
47
Implications
The conclusion that can be drawn from something although it is not explicitly stated; likely consequences.
## Footnote
پیامدها، دلالت‌ها
48
Implicit x explicit
Implicit: Suggested though not directly expressed. Explicit: Stated clearly and in detail, leaving no room for confusion or doubt.
## Footnote
ضمنی / صریح
49
Imply
Strongly suggest the truth or existence of (something not expressly stated).
## Footnote
دلالت کردن، اشاره ضمنی کردن
50
Impoverishment
The process of becoming poor; the state of being poor.
## Footnote
فقیرسازی، فقر
51
Imprecise
Lacking exactness and accuracy of expression or detail.
## Footnote
نادقیق، مبهم
52
Implausible
(Of an argument or statement) not seeming reasonable or probable; failing to convince.
## Footnote
نامحتمل، باورنکردنی
53
Incentive
Something that motivates or encourages one to do something; a payment or concession to stimulate greater output or investment.
## Footnote
انگیزه، مشوق
54
Inception
The establishment or starting point of an institution or activity.
## Footnote
آغاز، شروع
55
Incline = persuade
To be favourably disposed towards or willing to do something; to persuade someone to do something.
## Footnote
متمایل بودن، متقاعد کردن
56
Incumbent
Necessary for (someone) as a duty or responsibility; currently holding office.
## Footnote
واجب، متصدی، شاغل
57
Incurring
Becoming subject to (something unwelcome or unpleasant) as a result of one's own behavior or actions.
## Footnote
متحمل شدن، باعث شدن
58
Indeed
Used to emphasize a statement or response confirming something already suggested; used to express surprise, disbelief, or contempt.
## Footnote
در واقع، به‌راستی
59
Indigent
Poor; needy; suffering from extreme poverty.
## Footnote
نیازمند، تهیدست
60
Inexplicable
Unable to be explained or accounted for.
## Footnote
غیرقابل توضیح، نامعلوم
61
Inextricably
In a way that is impossible to disentangle or separate.
## Footnote
به‌طور جدایی‌ناپذیر
62
Infer
To deduce or conclude (something) from evidence and reasoning rather than from explicit statements.
## Footnote
استنباط کردن، نتیجه گرفتن
63
Influential
Having great influence on someone or something.
## Footnote
تأثیرگذار، بانفوذ
64
Infuriate
To make (someone) extremely angry and impatient.
## Footnote
خشمگین کردن، عصبانی کردن
65
Inherent
Existing in something as a permanent, essential, or characteristic attribute.
## Footnote
ذاتی، فطری
66
Initiative
The ability to assess and initiate things independently; the power or opportunity to act or take charge before others do; a new plan or process.
## Footnote
ابتکار عمل، قوه ابتکار
67
Innovation / Innovations
The action or process of innovating; a new method, idea, product, etc.
## Footnote
نوآوری / نوآوری‌ها
68
Innovative
Featuring new methods; advanced and original.
## Footnote
نوآورانه، مبتکرانه
69
Insane
In a state of mind which prevents normal perception, behavior, or social interaction; seriously mentally ill.
## Footnote
دیوانه، مجنون، نامعقول
70
Insight
The capacity to gain an accurate and deep understanding of someone or something.
## Footnote
بینش، بصیرت
71
Intellectual
Relating to the intellect; possessing a highly developed intellect.
## Footnote
فکری، عقلانی، روشنفکر
72
Intelligence Quota (IQ)
A number representing a person's reasoning ability (measured using problem-solving tests) as compared to the statistical norm or average for their age.
## Footnote
بهره هوشی
73
Intended
Planned or meant.
## Footnote
مورد نظر، مقصود
74
Intents
Intentions or purposes.
## Footnote
نیت‌ها، مقاصد
75
Interim
In or for the intervening period; provisional or temporary.
## Footnote
موقت، موقتی، میانی
76
Intimacy
Close familiarity or friendship; closeness.
## Footnote
صمیمیت، نزدیکی
77
Introversion
The tendency to be concerned with one's own thoughts and feelings rather than with external things.
## Footnote
درونگرایی
78
Inundated
Overwhelmed with things or people to be dealt with; flooded.
## Footnote
مملو، اشباع شده، زیر آب رفته
79
Ire
Anger.
## Footnote
خشم، غضب
80
Ironically
In an ironic way; used to denote a paradoxical, unexpected, or coincidental situation.
## Footnote
از قضا، به‌طور کنایه‌آمیز
81
Irreparably
In a way that is impossible to rectify or repair.
## Footnote
به‌طور جبران‌ناپذیر
82
Irrevocable
Not able to be changed, reversed, or recovered; final.
## Footnote
غیرقابل فسخ، قطعی
83
Ivory
A hard creamy-white substance composing the main part of the tusks of an elephant, walrus, or narwhal.
## Footnote
عاج
84
Jeopardise (Jeopardize)
To put (someone or something) into a situation in which there is a danger of loss, harm, or failure.
## Footnote
به خطر انداختن
85
Join up
To connect or fasten things together; to enlist in the armed forces.
## Footnote
پیوستن، متصل کردن، ملحق شدن
86
Jurisdiction = Judicial authority
The official power to make legal decisions and judgments; the territory or sphere of activity over which the legal authority of a court or other institution extends.
## Footnote
صلاحیت قضایی، حوزه قضایی
87
Keep apart
To cause (two or more people or things) to be separate; prevent from joining or mixing.
## Footnote
جدا نگه داشتن
88
Keyhole surgery = laparoscopic
Minimally invasive surgery performed through small incisions, using a camera and specialized instruments.
## Footnote
جراحی لاپاراسکوپی (جراحی سوراخ کلید)
89
Kinsman
A man who is one of a person's blood relations.
## Footnote
خویشاوند (مرد)، فامیل
90
Layoff / Layoffs
A discharge, especially temporary, of a worker or workers.
## Footnote
اخراج (موقت یا دائم)، تعدیل نیرو
91
Lead = initiative
The initiative in an action; an example for others to follow.
## Footnote
ابتکار عمل، رهبری
92
Lead active
To live an active lifestyle.
## Footnote
زندگی فعالی داشتن
93
Legislation
Laws, considered collectively.
## Footnote
قانون‌گذاری، قوانین
94
Legitimacy
Conformity to the law or to rules; ability to be defended with logic or justification.
## Footnote
مشروعیت، قانونیت
95
Legitimate / logic
Conforming to the law or rules; able to be defended with logic or justification / Reasoning conducted or assessed according to strict principles of validity.
## Footnote
مشروع، قانونی / منطق
96
Legumes
Plants of the pea family (e.g., beans, lentils, peas), typically having seeds in pods.
## Footnote
حبوبات
97
Leisure time
Time when one is not working or occupied; free time.
## Footnote
اوقات فراغت
98
Lender
An organization or person that lends money.
## Footnote
وام‌دهنده
99
Let down
To disappoint someone; fail to support or help someone as they had hoped or expected.
## Footnote
ناامید کردن، مأیوس کردن
100
Lilac
A shrub with fragrant violet, pink, or white blossom; a pale pinkish-violet color.
## Footnote
یاس بنفش، رنگ یاسی
101
Lineage
Direct descent from an ancestor; ancestry or pedigree. The lawful and genetic relationship between individuals.
## Footnote
نسب، دودمان، اصل و نسب
102
Linger
To stay in a place longer than necessary; be slow to disappear or die.
## Footnote
معطل کردن، ماندن، ادامه یافتن
103
Lingering
Lasting for a long time or slow to end.
## Footnote
ماندگار، طولانی، مزمن
104
Literacy (Health literacy)
The ability to read and write. Health literacy: the degree to which individuals can obtain, process, and understand basic health information and services needed to make appropriate health decisions.
## Footnote
سواد (سواد سلامت)
105
Litigation
The process of taking legal action.
## Footnote
دعوی قضایی، مرافعه
106
Litter tray
A shallow tray containing absorbent material, used as an indoor toilet by pets, especially cats.
## Footnote
ظرف خاک (گربه و ...)
107
Little and often regime
A schedule or plan involving small amounts frequently, rather than large amounts infrequently (e.g., for eating or medication).
## Footnote
رژیم کم و مکرر
108
Livestock
Farm animals regarded as an asset.
## Footnote
دام، احشام
109
Loan
A thing that is borrowed, especially a...
110
What is the process of taking legal action?
دعوی قضایی، مرافعه
111
What is a litter tray?
A shallow tray containing absorbent material, used as an indoor toilet by pets, especially cats.
## Footnote
ظرف خاک (گربه و ...)
112
What is a little and often regime?
A schedule or plan involving small amounts frequently, rather than large amounts infrequently (e.g., for eating or medication).
## Footnote
رژیم کم و مکرر
113
What does livestock refer to?
Farm animals regarded as an asset.
## Footnote
دام، احشام
114
What is a loan?
A thing that is borrowed, especially a sum of money that is expected to be paid back with interest.
## Footnote
وام، قرض
115
What does lone mean?
Having no companions; solitary or single.
## Footnote
تنها، تک
116
What are long stretches?
Extended periods of time.
## Footnote
دوره‌های طولانی
117
What is longevity?
Long life; long existence or service.
## Footnote
طول عمر، دیرزیستی
118
What is a lukewarm bath?
A bath with water that is only moderately warm.
## Footnote
حمام با آب ولرم
119
What does lumped together mean?
Grouped together, often inappropriately or without proper differentiation.
## Footnote
یک‌جا حساب کردن، با هم در نظر گرفتن
120
What is lumping?
The act of treating or grouping things together as if they are one, often unfairly or inaccurately.
## Footnote
یکی کردن، در هم آمیختن
121
What is mainstream society/public?
The ideas, attitudes, or activities that are shared by most people and regarded as normal or conventional within a society or group.
## Footnote
جامعه اصلی / عموم مردم
122
What does malingering mean?
Exaggerating or feigning illness in order to escape duty or work.
## Footnote
تمارض کردن
123
What does mandated mean?
Required by law or mandate; compulsory.
## Footnote
الزامی، دستوری
124
What does manifested mean?
Displayed or showed (a quality or feeling) by one's acts or appearance; demonstrated; became apparent or obvious.
## Footnote
آشکار شدن، هویدا شدن
125
What is manslaughter?
The crime of killing a human being without malice aforethought, or otherwise in circumstances not amounting to murder.
## Footnote
قتل غیرعمد
126
What is a mantra?
A word or sound repeated to aid concentration in meditation; a statement or slogan repeated frequently.
## Footnote
مانترا، ذکر، شعار
127
What does marginalised (marginalized) mean?
Treated (a person, group, or concept) as insignificant or peripheral.
## Footnote
به حاشیه رانده شده
128
What does marshal mean?
To assemble and arrange (a group of people, especially troops) in order; methodically arrange or set forth (facts, ideas, or arguments).
## Footnote
مرتب کردن، تنظیم کردن، گرد آوردن
