oesophageal cancer? Flashcards

1
Q

define oesophageal cancer?

A

● Malignant tumour arising in the oesophagus

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2
Q

what are the two main types of oesophageal cancer?

A

o Squamous cell carcinoma
• Used to be the most common

o Adenocarcinoma
• Most common now especially in patients with GORD or Barrett’s.

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3
Q

risk factors of adenocarcinoma?

A
  • GORD
  • Barrett’s oesophagus
  • smoking
  • achalasia
  • obesity
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4
Q

risk factors of squamous cell carcinoma?

A
  • smoking
  • alcohol
  • achalasia
  • Plummer-Vinson syndrome
  • diets rich in nitrosamines
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5
Q

main presenting complaints of oesophageal carcinoma?

A
●	Progressive dysphagia 
●	Odynophagia
●	Regurgitation 
●	Anorexia and weight loss 
●	Vomiting 
●	Choking after food 
●	Voice hoarseness 
●	Melaena 
●	Cough
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6
Q

first line investigation for oesophageal cancer?

A

upper GI endoscopy

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7
Q

gold standard investigation for oesophageal cancer?

A

Endoscopy

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8
Q

how can staging be undertaken?

A

● Metastatic staging: CT scan of the chest, abdomen and pelvis
● Local staging: endoscopic USS

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