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AU18: Oral Path 2 > Odontogenic Neoplasms (3) > Flashcards

Odontogenic Neoplasms (3) Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three categories of odontogenic neoplasms?

A
  1. Tumor of odontogenic epithelium (enamel organ)
  2. Mixed tumors (odontogenic epithelium and odontogenic ectomesenchymal)
  3. Odontogenic ectomesenchymal (dental papilla)
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2
Q

What are the three neoplasms of odontogenic epithelium?

A
  1. Ameloblastoma
  2. Adenoid odontogenic tumor
  3. Calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor
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3
Q

What are the three odontogenic neoplasms of mixed origin?

A
  1. Ameloblastic fibroma
  2. Ameloblastic fibro-odontoma
  3. Odontoma
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4
Q

What are the two neoplasms of odontogenic mesenchymal origin?

A
  1. Odontogenic myxoma

2. Cementoblastoma

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5
Q

T/F: Ameloblastomas are benign, painless tumors.

A

True

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6
Q

What is the most frequent tumor of odontogenic origin?

A

Ameloblastoma

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7
Q

T/F: Ameloblastomas will often perforate the bone.

A

False

Will cause dramatic expansion of bone

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8
Q

What is the most common location for Ameloblastomas?

A

Posterior mandible

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9
Q

T/F: Ameloblastoma radiolucencies are often described as “soap bubble” or “honeycomb”.

A

True

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10
Q

T/F: Enamel is produced by ameloblastoma cells.

A

False

Resemble ameloblasts but no enamel is produced

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11
Q

What attributes to the recurrence of ameloblastomas?

A

Tumor often infiltrates bony trabeculae

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12
Q

What are the two common histopathological patterns seen in ameloblastomas?

A

Follicular and plexiform

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13
Q

Ameloblastomas are seen as __________ showing cuboidal or columnar cells at the periphery.

A

Tumor islands

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14
Q

T/F: Ameloblastomas have cells with nuclei polarized away from the basement membrane.

A

True

Reverse polarization

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15
Q

What are the treatment options for an ameloblastoma?

A

Small - aggressive curettage or small en bloc resection

Large - large en bloc resection or segmental resection

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16
Q

What is the prognosis of an ameloblastoma?

A

Guarded

Simple curettage recurrence 50%-90%

Resection recurrence 15%

Rare malignant transformation

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17
Q

What is a peripheral ameloblastoma?

A

Soft tissue variant of an ameloblastoma

Seen as gingival bumps

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18
Q

T/F: Peripheral ameloblastomas will be seen as a radiolucency on a radiograph.

A

False

No radiographic findings

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19
Q

What is the treatment/prognosis for peripheral ameloblastoma?

A

Biopsy/local excision

Limited recurrence

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20
Q

______________ is an asymptomatic tumor of odontogenic epithelium often seen in patients under 20 y.o.

A

Adenomatoid odontogenic tumor (AOT)

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21
Q

T/F: Odontogenic myxomas are sometimes seen in bones other than the jaw.

A

False

Only in the jaw bones

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22
Q

T/F: Odontogenic myxomas can have a soap bubble radiographic appearence.

A

True

Odontogenic myxoma and ameloblastoma

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23
Q

What is a good way to differentiate an ameloblastoma and odontogenic myxoma based off of radiographs?

A

Odontogenic myxoma has thin wispy trabeculae at right angles

24
Q

T/F: Odontogenic myxomas can cause root displacement and resorption.

A

True

25
Q

____________ is characterized histopathologically by spindle-shaped or stellate-shaped fibroblastic cells set in a myxoid background.

A

Odontogenic myxoma

26
Q

What can lead to recurrence of odontogenic myxoma?

A

Lesional proliferation tends to infiltrate adjacent bony trabeculae

27
Q

What is the treatment/prognosis for odontogenic myxomas?

A

Small - curettage

Large - En bloc or segmental resection

Good; can recur

28
Q

_____________ is a tumor of odontogenic ectomesenchyme that is often seen in patients under 25 y.o. In the mandibular first molar region.

A

Cementoblastoma

29
Q

T/F: Cementoblastomas will often cause pain and swelling.

A

True

30
Q

What is the radiographic appearance of a cementoblastoma?

A

Well-circumscribed radiopaque mass with fine radiolucent border fused to the root

31
Q

What is a major distinguishing histopathological feature of a cementoblastoma?

A

Fused to the root

Resembles cementum

32
Q

What is the treatment/prognosis for cementoblastoma?

A

Surgical extraction of tooth with lesion

RCT tooth and root amputation of affected root and lesion

Excellent

33
Q

Where is the most common place to see an adenomatoid odontogenic tumor (AOT)?

A

Anterior maxilla on a female

Also 75% associated with impacted tooth

34
Q

T/F: An AOT will sometimes have radiopaque flecks seen within the radiolucency.

A

True

35
Q

What are the histopathological features of an AOT?

A

Well-developed capsule

Swirling spindle-cell nests

Possible basophilic calcified material

36
Q

What is the treatment/prognosis of an AOT?

A

Enucleation

Excellent

37
Q

What is another name for a Calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor (CEOT)?

A

Pindborg tumor

38
Q

What is the histogenesis of a CEOT?

A

Stratum intermedium

39
Q

What is the most common location for a CEOT?

A

Posterior mandible

40
Q

What are some radiographic features of a CEOT?

A

Radiolucency with possible radiopaque flecks in a “driven snow” pattern

41
Q

What is the treatment/prognosis for CEOT?

A

Conservative excision

Good

42
Q

T/F: An ameloblastic fibroma involves both epithelial and ectomesenchyme cells.

A

True

43
Q

T/F: Ameloblastic fibromas are most often seen in adults.

A

False

1st-2nd decade

44
Q

Where is an ameloblastic fibroma most likely to be seen?

A

Posterior mandible

45
Q

What does an ameloblastic fibroma look like histopathologically?

A

Myxoid connective tissue with strands and islands of epithelium

46
Q

What is the treatment/prognosis for an ameloblastic fibroma?

A

Aggressive curettage

Good

47
Q

What is the average age of a patient who develops an ameloblastic fibro-odontoma?

A

10 y.o.

48
Q

T/F: Ameloblastic fibro-odontomas are seen more often in the posterior mandible.

A

False

Equal maxilla and mandible

49
Q

______________ will be seen with varying amounts of calcifying material the same density of the tooth. It is typically associated with failed tooth eruption.

A

Ameloblastic fibro-odontoma

50
Q

What is the treatment/prognosis of ameloblastic fibro-odontoma?

A

Conservative excision

Excellent

51
Q

What are the two forms of odontomas and their likely locations?

A
  1. Compound - anterior jaw

2. Complex - posterior jaw

52
Q

Odontomas are not true neoplasms, but rather an ______________.

A

Odontogenic hamartoma

53
Q

What age is the patient most likely to develop odontoma?

A

1st-2nd decade

54
Q

What is the radiographic appearance of a compound and complex odontoma?

A

Compound - anterior jaw, collection of small malformed teeth surrounded with radiolucent rim

Complex - posterior jaw, calcified mass surrounded by narrow radiolucent rim

*both often overly an impacted tooth

55
Q

T/F: A complex odontoma is a formation of multiple small malformed teeth.

A

False

Compound

56
Q

What is the treatment/prognosis for odontoma?

A

Enucleation

Excellent

AU18: Oral Path 2 (18 decks)

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