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Histopathology > Odontogenesis > Flashcards

Odontogenesis Flashcards

1
Q

What are the parts of the teeth?

A

-enamel
-dentin
-cementum
-pulp

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2
Q

What are the parts of the periodontium?

A

-gingiva
-PDL
-cementum
-alveolar bone proper

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3
Q

What are the stages of tooth developement?

A

-initiation
-bud stage
-cap stage
-bell stage
-apposition
-maturation

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4
Q

What occurs during initiation?

A

cellular induction

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5
Q

What occurs during the bud stage?

A

cellular proliferation

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6
Q

What occurs during the cap stage?

A

proliferation, differentiation, and morphogenesis

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7
Q

What occurs during the bell stage?

A

proliferation, differentiation, and morphogenesis
-see all different layers

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8
Q

What occurs during apposition?

A

induction and proliferation

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9
Q

What occurs during maturation?

A

maturation
-calcification

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10
Q

What type of tissue determines the fate of the neural crest cells?

A

epithelium

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11
Q

What does the mesenchyme determines about the teeth?

A

the type of tooth that it will become

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12
Q

What type of cell will form the enamel organ?

A

ectoderm

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13
Q

When does the induction stage of tooth development occur?

A

during the 6th and 7th weeks of development

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14
Q

How is the dental lamina formed?

A

the ectoderm invaginates into the mesenchyme

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15
Q

What separates the lamina from the surrounding mesenchyme?

A

basement membrane

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16
Q

What happens to the ectoderm during the bud stage?

A

the proliferating ectoderm transitions into dental lamina

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17
Q

When does the early cap stage occur?

A

9th-10th weeks

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18
Q

How does the buccal vestibule form?

A

because of apoptosis of cells

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19
Q

What is the stellate reticulum?

A

loose layer of cells that help to provide support to the epithelium

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20
Q

What will the dental sac help form?

A

the PDL, cementum, and alveolar bone

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21
Q

What is the cell type and the function of the OEE?

A

cuboidal cells
protective barrier

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22
Q

What is the cell type and the function of the IEE?

A

cuboidal cells
differentiate into ameloblasts

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23
Q

What is the cell type and the function of the stellate reticulum?

A

-star shaped cells forming network inside enamel organ
-supportive function in enamel production

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24
Q

What is the cell type and the function of the stratum intermedium?

A

compressed layer of flat cuboidal cells
-supportive function in enamel production

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25
Q

What is the cell type and the function of the dental sac?

A

collagen fibers around enamel organs
-differentiate into cementum, PDL, and bone

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26
Q

What is the cell type and the function of the dental papillae?

A

cells nearest IEE have basement membrane separation
-outer cells differentiate into odontoblasts, whereas inner cells differentiate into pulp tissue

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27
Q

What tissues are in the enamel organ?

A

-OEE
-stellate reticulum
-stratum intermedium
-IEE

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28
Q

What is the cervical loop?

A

junction of the outer and inner enamel epithelia
-site of CEJ in adults

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29
Q

What is hertwig’s root sheath?

A

fusion of apical extension of the outer and inner enamel epithelium

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30
Q

What determines the outline of the root dentin and the number of roots a tooth will have?

A

hertwigs root sheath

31
Q

when is hertwig’s root sheath removed?

A

before the cementum is laid down

32
Q

Where does enamel stop forming?

A

at the end of the enamel organ

33
Q

What causes the tooth to move occulusally?

A

the continued formation of dentin after enamel stops

34
Q

What divides the pupal tissue and creates multiple roots

A

the epithelial modification of Hertwigs root sheath

35
Q

When is the root formation completed?

A

1-4 years after the tooth erupts

36
Q

What is the appositional stage of tooth development?

A

the time where the enamel and dentin are growing against each other and cause the proper formation

37
Q

What does the stratum intermedium create?

A

alkaline phosphatse

38
Q

What does the inner enamel epithelium become?

A

ameloblasts -> enamel

39
Q

What do the peripheral cells of the dental papillae become?

A

odontoblasts -> dentin

40
Q

What is mantle dentin?

A

the first formed dentin.
-30-50 um thick
-has type I and III collagen

41
Q

How is the collagen in the matrix of the mantle dentin aligned?

A

perpendicular to the DEJ

42
Q

What is the shape of ameloblasts actively secreting enamel?

A

tall columnar

43
Q

What is the shape of ameloblasts that are inactive?

A

short columnar or cuboidal cells

44
Q

What layers are combined to form the primary cuticle (Nasmyth’s membrane) ?

A

-reduce ameloblasts
-outer enamel epithelium
-stellate reticulum
-stratum intermedium

45
Q

What is adontia?

A

refers to the total lack of tooth development

46
Q

What is hypodontia?

A

denotes the lack of development of one or more teeth

47
Q

What is oligdontia?

A

indicates the lack of formation of six or more teeth

48
Q

What is hyperdontia?

A

development of an increased number of teeth (supernumerary)

49
Q

When does the defect occur when there are supernumerary teeth?

A

during the initiation stage

50
Q

What is a mesoden?

A

the most common manifestation of supernumerary tooth formation
-an extra tooth formed right at the midline between the central incisors

51
Q

What is an odontoma?

A

small fragments of tooth structure consisting of dentin, enamel, cementum, or any combination

52
Q

When does an odontoma begin formation?

A

during the initiation stage

53
Q

What is a complex odontoma?

A

conglomerate mass of enamel and dentin that bears no anatomical resemblance to a tooth

54
Q

What is a compound odontoma?

A

comprised of multiple, small tooth like structures

55
Q

What is the treatment for complex odontoma?

A

complete removal
-is locally invasive and will continue growing
-can result in a thinning mandible that is more likely to fracture

56
Q

What is taurodontism?

A

an enlargement of the body and pulp chamber of multirooted teeth with apical displacement of the bifurcation

57
Q

What is an example of taurodontism?

A

exceptionally long root truck with very short roots

58
Q

What is dilaceration?

A

abnormal angulation or bend in the root

59
Q

What is gemination?

A

defect that originates in the cap stage of development that results in large single rooted tooth with one pulp cavity
-twinning in crown area

60
Q

What is fusion?

A

when two teeth start growing together
-two roots with only one apparent crown

61
Q

What is the difference between gemination and fusion?

A

gemination: tooth count is normal when the double tooth is counted as one
fusion: tooth count reveals a missing tooth when the double tooth is counted as one

62
Q

What is concrescence?

A

defect that occurs during apposition and maturation that result in the union of root structures of two or more teeth by cementum

63
Q

What is tubercle formation?

A

defect that occurs during the cap stage of development
-results in an extra cusp due to effects on enamel organ

64
Q

What is a dentigerous/ follicular cyst?

A

cyst that is attached to the CEJ
-20% of all jaw cysts
-originates by separation of dental follicle from the crown of an unerupted tooth

65
Q

What type of cell do keratocystic odontogenic tumors arise from?

A

cell rests of the dental lamina

66
Q

Where are 65% of keratocystic odontogenic tumors?

A

in the mandible

67
Q

What type of cysts are keratocystic odontogenic tumors?

A

bone expanding cysts

68
Q

What is the treatment of keratocystic odontogenic tumors ?

A

surgical removal
-recurrance rate of 30%

69
Q

What do the walls of the keratocystic odontogenic tumors look like?

A

stratified squamous epithelium with parakeratinosis at the luminal surface
-lumen typically contains keratin

70
Q

What is an ameloblastoma?

A

most common type of neoplastic lesion arising from odontoblastic epithelium

71
Q

What are ameloblastomas considered?

A

locally invasive tumors

72
Q

How do ameloblastomas appear on radiographs?

A

multilocular “soap bubble”
-radioresistant

73
Q
A

Histopathology (13 decks)

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