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Histopathology > Cementum > Flashcards

Cementum Flashcards

1
Q

What is the percentage of organic and mineral components of cementum?

A

50-50

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2
Q

What are the organic components of cementum?

A

-type I collagen
-proteoglycans
-glycosaminoglycans
-phosphoproteins

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3
Q

What are the functions of cementum?

A

-provide attachment for PDL
-provide limited compensation for occlusal wear through continuous apical apposition
-may participate in repair of root fracture

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4
Q

What is the origin of cementum?

A

neural crest cells

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4
Q

Is cementum vascular?

A

nope

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5
Q

Where is cementum the thinnest?

A

at the CEJ
-increases in thickness as it goes down the root
(90-150 microns at mid root )
(150-300 microns at the apex)

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6
Q

What are cementoblasts?

A

cells responsible for secreting the organic matrix of cementum

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7
Q

What zone of dental follicle do cementoblasts come form?

A

inner

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8
Q

When does differentiation of cementoblasts start?

A

when there is disruption in hertwigs root sheath
-allow the cells to make contact with the dentin
-dentin matrix growth factors induce the differentation (BMP, FGF, DMP)

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9
Q

How do all the mesenchymal cells become cementoblasts?

A

the growth factors leak out of the pores and activate the cells into the cementoblasts

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10
Q

What are depositional and reversal lines?

A

growth lines in cementum
-indicate incremental growth
-run longitudinally within the cementum

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11
Q

What are cementocytes?

A

cementoblasts that have been mineralized

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12
Q

What are lacunae?

A

space occupied by acell

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13
Q

What are canaliculi?

A

space occupied by cytoplasmic projections

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14
Q

What are sharpey’s fibers?

A

extensions of PDL into the cementum

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15
Q

Is cementum poruous?

A

yes very

16
Q

What is the most common type of CEJ?

A

overlaping
-there is some overlap between the cementum and enamel

17
Q

Is there is a gap between the cementum and dentin waht can happen? q

A

the dentin is exposed
-this can cause sensitivty to the tooth

18
Q

What is abfraction?:

A

loss of tooth surface at cervical areas of teeth causes by tensile or compressive forces during tooth flexure
deep & narrow
non-carious

19
Q

Is abfraction carious?

A

no

20
Q

What are the charactertistics of abfraction?

A

deep
V shaped
narrow

21
Q

What is abrasion?

A

loss of dental tissue by foreign object (brushing teeth too hard)
wide & shallow

22
Q

What are characteristics of abrasion?

A

located at cervical areas
-wide and diffuse
-canines and premolars most commonly affected

23
Q

What are cementicles?

A

calcified bodies on or in the cementum and in the PDL
-can be free, attached, or embedded

24
Q

What causes the formation of cementicles?

A

local trauma or hyperactive occlusion and increase with age

25
Q

What are cemental spurs?

A

projections fo the cementum into PDL in response to trauma
-makes it hard to extract the tooth

26
Q

Is it okay if cementum is exposed to the oral cavity?

A

no not really

27
Q

What happens to exposed cementum?

A

becomes hypermineralized which prevents the reattachment of collagen and PDL
-will also allow for build up of plaque and calculus
-facilitates endotoxin absorption
-becomes less porous

28
Q

What is a treatment for exposed cementum?

A

scaling and root planing
-will remove the built up plaque and calculus
-can also remove the top layer and may allow for new tissue to grow in

29
Q

What is hypercementosis?

A

excess production of cellular cementum that generally involves the apical 1/3 of the root

30
Q

What causes hypercementosis?

A

trauma from occlusion, periapical inflammation, or compensation for occlusal attrition

31
Q

What are accessory canals in the cementum>

A

lateral canals that allow for vasculature to supply the entire tooth
-the number of canals increase as you move toward the apex of the root

Histopathology (13 decks)

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