Ocular Circulation Flashcards
where does the cav sin extend from
superior orbital fissure to the petrous portion of the temporal bone
where does the dorsonasal artery exit
orbital septum
Parotid lymph nodes
Drains:
Lateral aspect of the lids, lateral canthus, lacrimal gland
what does the circle of zinn do
encircles the ON at the choroid (pial vessels anastomose as well)
-zinn might not be complete
what is the terminal branch to the medial canthus is called
angular artery
what is the CRA surrounded by
sympathetic nerve plexus
where does the facial artery branch
at the angle of the mandible
what does the maxillary artery pass through
infratemporal fossa and then move upwards towards the maxillary bone
what do the common carotid artery branch into
internal + external
what runs superior to the EOMs
supraorbital artery
what is the superior ophthalmic vein formed by
formed by the joining of the angular vein and supraorbital vein
what does the supratrochlear profuse
forehead skin, scalp and muscles of the forehead
what does the CRV drain
blood from the retina
lymphatic drainage - are there lymph vessels in the globe
no
what does the dorsonasal artery supply
lacrimal sac
retinal blood flow
autoregulated, low blood flow, CRA profuses the inner retina
what are the terminal branches of the ophthalmic artert
supratrochlear + dorsonasal arteries
branches of the lacrimal artery
- recurrent meningeal artery: passes back into the cranium
- Zygomaticofacial artery
- Zygomaticotemporal artery
- Lateral palpebral arteries: superior and inferior
what does the long posterior ciliary arteries supply
supply the uvea including the major circle of the iris
what does the supraorbital artery exit through
supraorbital notch/ foramen
what does the inferior ophthalmic vein drain
blood from the inferior and lateral EOMs, lacrimal sac
what is a branch of the cilioretinal artery
a branch of the short posterior ciliary artery
what do the medial palpebral artery branch from
ophthalmic artery or the dorsonasal artery
anterior ciliary arteries supply
rectus muscles
what are the branches are the superficial temporal artery
anterior temporal artery, zygomatic artery, transervse facial artery
what provides small branches to the ON and pia mater
CRA
the lacrimal artery runs parallel to the ____ along the top of the ___
the lacrimal artery runs parallel to the lacrimal nerve along the top of the LR
what are the branches of the external carotid artery
facial, maxillary, superficial temporal artery
what does the anterior ciliary veins drain
blood from the conj capillaries
what does the internal carotid enter the skull through
carotid artery
CRV leaves the ON at
about 10-12mm behind the lamina cribrosa parallel to the CRA
what does the short posterior ciliary arteries profuse
choroid
what do the long posterior ciliary arteries anastomose with
anterior ciliary artery
what does the superior ophthalmic vein exit the orbit through
superior orbital fissure
what does the anterior ciliary arteries anastomose with
long posterior ciliary arteries to form the major circle of the iris
what nerves surround the ophthalmic artery
network of sympathetic nerves
what is giant cell arteritis
inflammation of the superficial temporal artery and posterior ciliary arteries, vertebral arteries, aorta
- can cause irreversible blindness
what does the infraorbital veins enter what
infraorbital foramen and canal parallel to the infraorbital artery
the cilioretinal artery is a branch of the ___ or the
short ciliary arteries, circle of zinn
what is the ICA constantly surrounded by
the sympathetic plexus
The optic nerve lies where in relation to the ICA
MEDIAL
cavernous sinus thrombosis
typically from a spreading ENT infection
what does the lacrimal artery supply nutrients to
lacrimal gland, LR, SR, lateral palpebral arteries
what do the posterior ethmoid artery passes through
posterior ethmoid canal
what is the lateral palpebral branch from
lacrimal artery
what does the maxillary artery run along
pterygopalatine fossa
what forms the radial vessels in the iris
major circle of the iris
what does the long posterior ciliary arteries run betwen
sclera and the choroid (in the suprachoroidal space) to the anterior globe
what does the anterior ciliary follow
the anterior ciliary artery, pierces the sclera,
where do the long posterior ciliary arteries enter
enter nasal and temporal to the ON in the posterior pole
vasodilation mainly caused by
nitric oxide
the supratrochlear artery is a terminal branch of the
ophthalmic artery
what does the supraorbital artery anastomoses with what
supratrochlear artery, anterior temporal artery ( from external carotid)
what does the supratrochlear artery anastomse with
supraorbital artery and the anterior temporal artery (from external carotid artery)
what is the first major branch of the ICA
ophthalmic artery
-branches from ICA after exiting the cav sin
what is the anterior ciliary arteries form
a network of perfusion to the conj, episclera, uvea
what do short posterior ciliary arteries do
form the circle of zinn
submandibular lymph nodes Drains:
Medial aspects of the lids, medial canthus, lacrimal sac
what does the infraorbital vein drain into
pterygoid venous plexus
What bony canal does the ophthalmic artery run through
The optic canal
what does the supratrochlear artery exit
orbital septum
how is the cav sin formed
splitting of the dura mater on each side of the sphenoid bone
what is the circular artery located in the
ciliary stroma near the iris root
where does the inferior ophthalmic vein begin
floor of the orbit
what does the supraorbital artery profuse
SR, SO, levator, periorbita
where are the vortex veins lcoated
each quadrant of the retina
what does the superficial temporal artery perfuse
adjacent to the orbit
SVP
spontaneous venous pulsation
what is the maxillary artery called with it is in the orbit
infraorbital artery
what do the long posterior ciliary arteries anastomose with to perfuse the ciliary body and anterior choroid
short posterior ciliary arteries
inferior vortex veins –>
inferior ophthalmic vein –> cav sin or pterygoid plexus
what does the infraorbital artery supply
IR and IO
anterior ethmoid artery passes through
anterior ethmoid canal
what does the maxillary artery enter the orbit through
inferior orbital fissure
what is the circle of the iris made of
long posterior ciliary arteries
what does the infraorbital veins
drains the face
what does medial palpebral artery anastomose with
branches of the lacrimal artery to form the palpebral arcades
what does the posterior ethmoid artery supply
posterior ethmoid sinus, sphenoid sinus, upper nasal mucosa
supraorbital and angular veins; superior vortex veins and CRV –>
superior ophthalmic vein –> cav sin
the CRA pierces the ___ slightly __ and the branches into the retina
the CRA pierces the lamina cribrosa slightly nasally and the branches into the retina
what does the CRV join
superior ophthalmic vein or drains directly into the cav sin
short posterior ciliary arteries enter what
the sclera in a ring around the ON
what does the transverse facial artery anastomose with
infraorbital artery
what does the facial artery profuse
lacrimal sac, medial part of the lower lid, skin of the cheek
what does the anterior ethmoid artery supply
anterior and middle ethmoid sinus, sphenoid sinus, frontal sinus, nasal cavity and skin of the nose
what does the facial artery anastamose with
infraorbital artery or the dorsonasal artery
what are the branches of the ophthalmic artery
- Central retinal artery (CRA)
- Lacrimal artery
- Ciliary arteries : long posterior, short posterior, anterior
- Ethmoid arteries
- Supraorbital artery
- Muscular arteries
- Medial palpebral arteries
what does the infraorbital artery pass through
infraorbital canal and exits the infraorbital foramen
carotid-cavernous sinus fistual (CCF)
- Abnormal communication between the internal carotid artery and the cavernous sinus typically caused by an artery tear
- Now, the arterial pressure can be transferred to the venous system
- Causes decreased ocular perfusion
what does the medial (inferior) muscular arteries supply
MR, IR, IO
the ophthalmic artery enters the ______ within the _____ of the ___
the ophthalmic artery enters the optic canal within the dural sheath of the ON
transverse facial artery perfuses
the skin of the cheek
what does the facial artery pass through
ascends across the cheek and along the side of the nose
what does the cav sin drain into
superior and inferior petrosal sinuses and ultimately jugular ein
what does the superior ophthalmic vein drain
superior and medial EOMs, lacrimal vein (lacrimal gland), CRV, muscular vein
the superficial temporal artery is
a terminal branch
what are the ophthalmic veins
superior (large), inferior (small) ophthalmic veins drain into the cav sin
the orbit has how many ophthalmic arteries/vein
1 ophthalmic artery
2 ophthalmic vein
what does the sympathetic plexus arise from
arises from the superior cervical ganglion
what do the right common carotid branch from
brachiocephalic artery
choroidal blood flow
autonomic intervention, high blood pressure, perfuses the outer retina
what does the zygomatic artery perfuse
obicularis muscle
what does the anterior temporal artery anastomose with
supraorbital and supratrochlear arteries
what does the lateral (superior) muscular arteries supply
LR, SR, SO
where do the vortex vein exit the globe
~6mm posterior to the equator
collateral
abnormal- new vessels runs lateral
what does the anterior ciliary veins join
the muscular veins ( which drains into the superior ophthalmic veins)
what does the infraorbital artery run along in the orbit
infraorbital groove in the maxillary bone
what is the main blood supply to the globe and adnexa
the ophthalmic artery
the opthalmic artery runs medially to the ____
nasociliary nerve
what does the dorsonasal artery anastomose with
angular artery (from external carotid artery)
what does the maxillary artery perfuse
lower eyelid, lacrimal sac + EOMs: IR, IO, upper jaw
anterior temporal artery perfuse
the skin and forehead muscles
ophthalmic artery pathway
optic canal –> dural sheath –> (sympathetic nerves surround) –> crosses the ON –> runs medially w/ the nasociliary nerve –> moves anteriorally/forward between MR and SO –> many branches
what is the first and smallest branch of the ophthalmic artery
CRA
the left common carotid branches from the
aorta
where do the anterior ciliary arteries enter
pierce the sclera just outer to the limbus
what muscles does the ophthalmic artery move in between
moves anterially/forward between the MR and SO
what does the ICA leave the canal and enters the
cavernous sinus
what passes through the cav sin
all EOMS and ICA
vortex veins drains
choroid
what does the supratrochlear artery run parallel to
supratrochlear nerve
what does the superior ophthalmic vein run parallel to
ophthalmic artery
within the ______ , the ICA runs adjacent to the ____
within the cav sin the ICA runs adjacent to the abducens nerve
veins in the orbit have no
valves
what does the medial palpebral artery perfuse what
superior and inferior eyelids
how does the CRA enter the ON
enters the meningeal sheath of the ON about 10-12mm behind the globe
what does the inferior ophthalmic drain into
cavernous sinus or the pterygoid venous plexus
