Ocular Anti-glaucoma drugs

Question 1

Name the five prostaglandin analogs used to treat glaucoma

Answer 1

Latanoprost
Travoprost
Tafluprost
Unoprostone
Bimatoprost

Question 2

What are ADRs for PG analogs?

Answer 2

Macular edema
Conjunctival injection
Increased eyelash growth
Periocular hyperpigmentation
Iris color change
Uveitis
Herpes virus activation

Question 3

What is the MOA for Beta-adrenergic antagonists.

Answer 3

Block the production of aqueous humor thereby reducing IOP (20%-25%)

Question 4

Name the four non selective Beta-blockers (beta 1,2).

Answer 4

Timolol (Timoptic)
Levobunolol (Betagan
Carteolol (Ocupress)
Metipranolol (Optipranolol)

Question 5

Name the one beta 1 selective Beta blocker and the action you must take to protect the heart when it is administer.

Answer 5

Betaxolol

punctal occlusion

Question 6

What is MOA for alpha 2 agonists the second line of treatment for glaucoma?

Answer 6

Improves aqueous humor outflow

Decrease IOP 20% - 25%

Question 7

Name the Alpha 2 agonists.

Answer 7

1st generation
Apraclonidine (Iopidine)
2nd generation
Brimonidine (Alphagan P)
Brimonidine, timolol (Combigan)

Question 8

Alpha agonists have what ADRs?

Answer 8

Conjunctival injection (red) (10% – 20%)
Hyperemia, itching (10 – 20%)
Vision change
Fatigue, somnolence (fall asleep)
Headache

Question 9

What are the contraindications for Alpha agonists?

Answer 9

Patients taking MAOIs

Kids under 2

Question 10

What are the names of the four Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors?

Answer 10

Oral
acetazolamide (Diamox)
Topical
dorzolamide (Trusopt)
dorzolamide, timolol (Cosopt)
brinzolamide (Azopt)

Question 11

Which group of Anti-glaucoma decrease aqueous humor secretion by decreasing formation of bicarb ions consequently
reducing sodium and fluid transport?

Answer 11

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
(inhibt CA-II)
Decreases IOP (15%-20%)
Given orally or topically