October 2021 Pt. 2

Question 1

What change in lifestyle began in the late medieval period?

Answer 1

The shift from country living to towns, farming to trade and industry

Question 2

What were Europe’s arteries form commerce and trade?

Answer 2

Rivers and waterways

Question 3

Why did Europe’s arteries for commerce and trade start to break down the feudal order?

Answer 3

Towns were independent of feudal obligations and protections

Question 4

What jobs were open to Jews because the Church saw them as non-Christian, and to what result?

Answer 4

Banking and money lending. It created even more resentment towards Jews

Question 5

What was the Three Field System?

Answer 5

A way of planting two fields and leaving the third field fallow

Question 6

What was the medieval system for tradesmen and business?

Answer 6

Guilds which regulated standards, trained craftsmen, guaranteed career opportunities while ensuring fair trade

Question 7

What practice did medieval physicians use to “balance” the body’s “humors”?

Answer 7

Bloodletting

Question 8

Who had the traditional power as healers in pagan Europe and how did the Church deal with their status?

Answer 8

Witches, they healed with herbal remedies and spells. They were labeled as agents of the devil.

Question 9

Until the establishment of law courts and royal judges, how was justice handed out?

Answer 9

Through trial by ordeal or trial by combat. Social shaming was popular too.

Question 10

What document did King John sign, why did he sign it and who made him do it?

Answer 10

The Magna Carta. He was pressured to sign it by his angry barons who demanded limits on the king’s power.

Question 11

What role does Magna Carta play in our government today?

Answer 11

It set up the basis for constitutional and representative government.

Question 12

What other important legal standards did the Manga Carta set?

Answer 12

Trial by jury/ writ of habeas corpus

Question 13

What historical thing happened in Europe between 1347 and 1351?

Answer 13

The Bubonic Plague

Question 14

From what did the Bubonic Plague get its name and how did it spread?

Answer 14

From the black, rotting flesh of blisters on the body and it was spread by infected fleas on rats

Question 15

Who were the flagellants and what common explanation did they give for the cause of the plague?

Answer 15

A religious sect that blamed the plague on sinning and felt that God required them to suffer physical pain just as Jesus had

Question 16

By what nursery rhyme do we remember the disaster today?

Answer 16

“ring around the rosie”

Question 17

How did the plague benefit the common people who survived?

Answer 17

More job opportunities and freedom from feudal obligations

Question 18

Who was the Hundred Years’ War between and what historic battle did the conflict date from?

Answer 18

Between France and England about claims on land dating back to the Battle of Hastings and William the Conqueror

Question 19

What role did Joan of Arc play in the war and what happened to her?

Answer 19

A french peasant girl who convinced the king to follow her voices on war strategies. She was captured by the English and burned at the stake as a witch

Question 20

How long did the Hundred Years’ War last and what was the outcome?

Answer 20

It was 116 years and England lost all territory on the European continent

Question 21

What became of the Roman Empire and how is it known today?

Answer 21

It moved east. Historians call it Byzantine to distinguish it from the earlier period but they still thought they were Romans!!!

Question 22

What were the advantages of Constantine’s new capital?

Answer 22

Being on a peninsula made it easier to defend and being on crossroads made it great for trade

Question 23

What is Justinian I known for?

Answer 23

• His celebrity wife Theodora
• Rebuilding Constantinople after the blues/greens revolt
• Building Haiga Sophia
• Trying to reconquer lands in the west
• Revamping Roman law into Justinian’s Code

Question 24

Were Justinian’s conquests successful?

Answer 24

Short term: yes

Long term: no it cost too much

Question 25

What are icons?

Answer 25

Images made to represent religious figures

Question 26

What is the split between the Roman Catholic and the Eastern Orthodox Church and what was it about?

Answer 26

The Great Schism was about whether mass should be in Greek or Latin

Question 27

What political reasons were behind the Great Schism and what did they do?

Answer 27

Claim of power by the pope over the Byzantine Emperor and the patriarch of Constantinople. In the end, they excommunicated each other