oct 25 Flashcards by Sasha Lampert

ridge coming off of the occipital bone at the base of the skull

external occipital protuberance (inion)

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the “communication” between the occipital bone and spinal column, hole at the base of the skull

foramen magnum

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protuberances on either side of the foramen magnum, shorter medial/laterally and longer anterior/posteriorly

occipital condyles

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skeleton of the face between the mouth and eyes

maxillae

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structure of the maxillae. articulates with the frontal bone

frontal process

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structure of the maxillae. articulates with the zygomatic bone anteriorly

zygomatic process of the maxilla

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structure of the maxillae. makes up the majority of the floor of the eye socket

orbital surface

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structure of the maxillae. sockets for the upper teeth

alveolar processes

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structure of the maxillae. exit of the infraorbital nerve

infraorbital foramen

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structure of the maxillae. makes up the majority of the hard palate and connects to the palatine bone

palatine proces

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cheek bones

zygomatic bones

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structure of zygomatic bones, make up the lateral wall of the eye sockets

anterolateral and infra orbital margines

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structure of zygomatic bones, connects into the zygomatic arch

temporal processes of the zygomatic bone

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bone that separates the nasal cavity from the brain

ethmoid bone

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bone located at the roof of the nose between the orbits

ethmoid bone

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structure of ethmoid bone. a ridge of bone projecting superiorly.

crista galli

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structure of ethmoid bone.

cribiform plate

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structure of ethmoid bone. forms the posterior and superior part of the nasal septum

perpendicular plate

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structure of ethmoid bone. an attachment for the falx cerebri

crista galli

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the dura mater in the longitudinal fissure of the brain

falx cerebri

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joint between frontal and parietal bones

coronal suture

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joint between right and left parietal bones

sagittal suture

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meeting point between the coronal and sagittal sutures

bregma

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joint between the parietal and temporal bones

squamous suture

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joint between the occipital, temporal, and parietal bones

lambdoid suture

meeting point of the lambdoid and saggital sutures

lambda

connection between the sphenoid, tomporal, frontal, and parietal bones. weakest part of the skull

pterion

aka eye socket

the orbit

name for the bregma in infancy

fontanelle

a cone-shaped cavity made of many bones. contains the optic canal

orbit

sinuses located superior to the eye sockets

frontal sinuses

sinuses located behind the nose

sphenoidal sinuses

sinuses located between the nose and eyes

ethmoidal sinuses

sinuses located on either side of the nasal cavity

maxillary sinuses

bone that makes roof of the orbit

frontal bone

bone that makes the medial wall of the orbit

ethmoid bone

bone that makes the lateral wall of the orbit

zygomatic

bone that makes the floor of the orbit

maxilla

air-filled extensions of the nasal cavity

sinuses

joint. the head/condyle of the mandible articulates with the mandibular fossa and articular tubercle of the temporal bone

temporomandibular joint

class of joint for TMJ

synovial

TMJ is what type of joint

hinge

what sits between the heads of the mandible and the temporal bone

articular discs

structure attached to the articular disc of TMJ which helps maintain the proper positioning of the disk

retrodiscal pad

thickening of the TMJ joint capsule to form this ligament

temporomandibular ligament

ligament of TMJ from styloid process to mandible

stylomandibular ligament

ligament of TMJ from sphenoid to mandible

sphenomandibular ligament

movements of TMJ

depression, elevation, protraction/protrusion, retraction/retrusion, deviation

movement of opening the mouth

depression

movement of closing the mouth

elevation

movement of forming an underbite

protrusion

movement of forming an overbite

retraction

movement of the jaw from side to side

deviation

temporalis, masseter, and lateral and medial pterygoid muscles are collectively called what

muscles of mastication

muscle. attaches temporal fossa to coronoid process and anterior ramus of the mandible

temporalis

muscle. fills the temporal fossa

temporalis

muscle. actions: elevation and retraction of the mandible

temporalis

muscle. has superficial and deep fibres. attaches the inferior border of the zygomatic arch to the angle of the mandible

masseter

muscle actions: elevation, protraction, and retraction (from protracted) of the mandible

masseter

what fibres of the masseter perform retraction from a protracted position

deep

muscle, has superior and inferior heads. attaches the greater wing of the sphenoid and lateral surface of the lateral pterygoid plate to the neck of the mandible and articular disc

lateral pterygoid

which head of the lateral pterygoid attaches to the greater wing of the sphenoid and neck articular disc

superior head

which head of the lateral pterygoid attaches the lateral surface of the lateral pterygoid to the neck of the mandible

inferior head

muscle actions: protraction, depression (after translation), and contralateral deviation of the mandible, anterior/posterior translational control of the articular disc

lateral pterygoid

which head of the lateral pterygoid performs anterior/posterior translational control of the articular disc

superior

which head of the lateral pterygoid performs depression of the mandible once translation occurs

inferior head

muscle. attaches medial surface of the lateral pterygoid plate to the pterygoid tuberosity

medial pterygoid

muscle actions: elevation, protraction, and contralateral deviation of the mandible

medial pterygoid

muscle. actions: assist in depression of the mandible

hyoids

muscles of mandibular depression

hyoids, inferior head of lateral pterygoid once translation occurs

muscles of mandibular elevation

temporalis, masseter, medial pterygoid, superior head of lateral pterygoid (eccentric control of disc return)

muscles of mandibular protraction/protrusion

superficial fibres of masseter, lateral pterygoid, medial pterygoid

muscles of mandibular retraction/retrusion

posterior fibres of temporalis, deep fibres of masseter

muscles of mandibular deviation

contralateral pterygoids

muscle of the face. 2 bellies attach the superior nuchal line to the epicranial aponeurosis, 2 bellies attach the skin near the eyebrows to the epicranial aponeurosis

occipitofrontalis/epicranius

resting position of the TMJ

teeth 2-5 mm apart with the tip of the tongue resting behind the front teeth on the roof of the mouth

which muscle bellies of occipitofrontalis attach to the superior nuchal line

occipitalis

which muscle bellies of occipitofrontalis attach to the skin near the eyebrows

frontalis

action of the occipitofrontalis

occipitalis anchors the aponeurosis and frontalis pulls the eyebrows up

muscle. closes the eyelids and helps to empty the lacrimal sac (tearing up)

orbicularis oculi

muscle. draws eyebrows inferiorly and medially

corrogator supercilii

muscle. raises upper lip

levator labii superioris

muscle of surprise

occipitofrontalis

muscle that raises lip and dilates nostrils

levator labii superioris aleque nasi

muscle that raises and laterally pulls upper lip

zygomaticus minor

muscle of squinting

orbicularis oculi

muscle of frowning (with eyes)

corrugator cupercilii

muscle of snarling

levator labii superioris

muscle of stank face

levator labii superioris aleque nasi

muscle of elvis face

zygomaticus minor

muscle that draws the angles of the mouth superolaterally

zygomaticus major

muscle of smiling

zygomaticus major

muscle. closes and protrudes the lips, and compresses lips against teeth

orbicularis oris

muscle of kissing

orbicularis oris

muscle that raises and protrudes lower lip

mentalis

muscle of pouting

mentalis

muscle that draws lip inferiorly and slightly laterally

depressor labii inferioris

muscle of yikes

depressor labii inferioris

muscle that depresses the corner of the mouth

depressor anguli oris

muscle of sadness

depressor anguli oris

muscle that compresses cheek against the molar teeth when chewing, helps with forceful blowing

buccinator

muscle of pursing

buccinator

muscle that retracts and depresses angle of the mouth

platysma

muscle of the creature from the black lagoon

platysma

muscle that draws ear up and forward

auricularis anterior

muscle that draws ear up

auricularis superior

muscle that draws the ear back

auricularis posterior

muscle that elevates the upper eyelid

levator palpebrae