oct 11

Question 1

muscles of respiration arranged in 3 layers in the spaces between adjacent ribs

Answer 1

intercostals

Question 2

each group of intercostals has how many layers

Answer 2

11

Question 3

what separates the internal and innermost intercostals

Answer 3

neurovascular bundle

Question 4

what is the Fixed attachment of the external intercostals

Answer 4

superior (ribs 1-11)

Question 5

what is the fixed attachment of the internal intercostals

Answer 5

inferior (ribs 2-12)

Question 6

what are the attachment points of the external intercostals

Answer 6

superior: ribs 1-11 to inferior: ribs 2-12

Question 7

what are the attachment points of the internal intercostals

Answer 7

superior: ribs 1-11 to inferior: ribs 2-12

Question 8

what are the three layers of the intercostals

Answer 8

external, internal, innermost

Question 9

what are the attachment points of the innermost intercostals

Answer 9

superior: ribs 1-11 to inferior: ribs 2-12

Question 10

what is the fibre direction of internal intercostals

Answer 10

perpendicualr to external intercostals

Question 11

actions of external intercostals

Answer 11

quiet and forced inhalation (rib elevation)

Question 12

action of internal/innermost intercostals

Answer 12

forced expiration

Question 13

action shared by all intercostals

Answer 13

keep intercostal spaces rigid

Question 14

muscle with 12 pairs, attaches TVPs of C7-T11 to the immediately inferior ribs

Answer 14

levator costarum

Question 15

action of levator costarum

Answer 15

rib elevation

Question 16

muscle that attaches 1st rib and its costal cartilage to the middle third of the inferior surface of the clavicle

Answer 16

subclavius

Question 17

action of subclavius

Answer 17

anchors, depresses, and draws the clavicle medially

Question 18

the principle muscle of respiration

Answer 18

(thoracic) diaphragm

Question 19

dome shaped muscle that divides the thoracic cavity and abdominal cavity

Answer 19

(thoracic) diaphragm

Question 20

muscle pierced by structures passing between the thorax and abdomen

Answer 20

(thoracic) diaphragm

Question 21

top of the diaphragm sits where during expiration

Answer 21

around the 4th intercostal space

Question 22

top of the diaphragm sits where during inspiration

Answer 22

around the 6th intercostal space

Question 23

the posterior surface of the xiphoid, internal surfaces of lower 6 ribs and their costal cartilages, upper lumbar vertebrae, medial arcuate ligaments, and lateral arcuate ligaments are attachment points for what?

Answer 23

the muscular component of the diaphragm

Question 24

the muscular fibres of the diaphragm converge radially into this part of the diaphragm

Answer 24

central tendon

Question 25

what kind of tendon is the central tendon of the diaphragm

Answer 25

aponeurotic

Question 26

structure of the diaphragm with C-shaped appearance with a central, left, and right "leaflet"

Answer 26

central tendon

Question 27

action of the diaphragm

Answer 27

moves inferiorly with contraction so that it is flattened

Question 28

during contraction of the diaphragm the central tendon moves inferiorly, increasing the vertical dimension of the thoracic cavity

Answer 28

inspiration

Question 29

what muscles assist inspiration during contraction

Answer 29

intercostals

Question 30

what is the name for the elevation and lateral movement of the ribs during inspiration, which increases the transverse dimension of the thorax

Answer 30

the bucket-handle movement

Question 31

what is the name for the raising and anterior movement of the ribs during inspiration, which increases the anteroposterior dimension of the thorax

Answer 31

the pump-handle movement

Question 32

action of the diaphragm relaxing and moving superiorly, along with the elastic recoil of the lungs.

Answer 32

expiration

Question 33

name for action in which the diaphragm remains relatively relaxed, accessory muscles of respiration lift the chest up and out

Answer 33

apical breathing

Question 34

name for the region below the pelvic cavity

Answer 34

perineum

Question 35

floor of the perineum

Answer 35

skin

Question 36

roof of the perineum

Answer 36

pelvic diaphragm

Question 37

clinical term for hiccup

Answer 37

singultus

Question 38

muscles of the pelvic diaphragm

Answer 38

2 levator ani muscles and 2 coccygeus muscles

Question 39

actions of pelvic diaphragm

Answer 39

support pelvic viscera, helps maintain control of bodily functions

Question 40

part of the skull that contains the brain

Answer 40

cranium

Question 41

the frontal, occipital, sphenoid, ethmoid, temporal, and parietal bones make up what structure

Answer 41

cranium

Question 42

the line of union in an immovable articulation

Answer 42

suture

Question 43

U shaped bone forming the skeleton of the lower jaw and inferior face

Answer 43

mandible

Question 44

dome-like superior portion of the cranium

Answer 44

calvaria