OCD Flashcards
What is the prevalence and onset pattern of OCD in young people?
Affects 1-2% of children and adolescents
Bimodal onset with peaks in late childhood and early adulthood
25% of cases start before age 14; 50% before age 18
What are the key demographic features of pediatric OCD?
Slight male preponderance in youth
Prevalence is stable across ethnic and cultural groups
Ethnic minorities are underrepresented in mental health services
What are the main characteristics of obsessions and compulsions?
Obsessions:
Recurrent, persistent thoughts, images, or impulses
Intrusive and distressing
Attempts made to suppress them
Compulsions:
Repetitive behaviors or mental acts
Performed rigidly to reduce distress
Often excessive or unrealistic
What are the DSM-5 criteria for OCD?
A: Presence of obsessions, compulsions, or both
B: Time-consuming (≥1 hour/day) or causing significant impairment
C: Not due to substances or medical conditions
D: Not better explained by another mental disorder
What are the evidence-based treatments for OCD?
CBT is first-line for mild to moderate cases
Combined CBT + SSRI for severe cases
CBT response rates ~70%, remission rates ~55%
SSRI response rates ~50%, remission rates ~30%
What are the key components of CBT for OCD?
- Psychoeducation: Understanding OCD and anxiety
- Exposure and Response Prevention (ERP):
Gradual exposure to anxiety-provoking situations
Prevention of rituals
Relapse Prevention
Format: 14 weekly sessions with parental involvement
What factors contribute to OCD development?
Genetic:
Adults: 27-47% genetic risk
Children: 45-65% genetic risk
Environmental factors:
Perinatal insults
Childhood trauma
Stressful life events
Autoimmune factors
