Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

respiratory > occupational lung disease - coal worker, silicosis, asbestosis > Flashcards

occupational lung disease - coal worker, silicosis, asbestosis Flashcards

1
Q

how do these occur

A

exposure to dusts, gases, vapours and fumes at work

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what can cause acute bronchitis and pulmonary oedema

A

irritants such as sulphur dioxide, chlorine, ammonia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what causes pulmonary fibrosis

A

mineral dust

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what does pneumoconiosis mean

A

the accumulation of dust in the lung and the reaction of the tissue to its presence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what are the symptoms like

A

COPD

if they get COPD they get compensation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what can pneumoconiosis progress to

A

fibrosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what do patients with massive fibrosis develop

A

round fibrotic masses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what jobs can lead to silicosis

A
  • stonemason
  • sand-blaster
  • pottery
  • ceramic
  • foundry workers
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what causes silicosis

A

inhalation of silica (silicon dioxide)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

how much silica is enough to kill.

A

3g

(compared to 30g is needed of copper to cause issues(

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is silica toxic to

A

alveolar macrophages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what does silica initiate

A

fibrogenesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is seen on chest x-ray of silicosis

A
  • streaks of calcification

= egg shell calcification

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is asbestos

A

mixture of silicates of iron, magnesium, nickel, cadmium and aluminium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what does asbestos occur. as

A

a fibre

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is asbestos resistant to

A
  • heat
  • acid
  • alkali
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is asbestos used for

A
  • roofing
  • insulation
  • fire proofing
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what are main types of asbestos

A
  • chrysotile (main)
  • crocidolite
  • amosite
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what colour is chrysotile

A

white

20
Q

what colour is crocidolite

A

blue

21
Q

what type of asbestos is most likely to cause asbestosis and mesothelioma

A

crocidolite

22
Q

what is crocidolite resistant to

A

macrophage and neutrophil enzymatic destruction

23
Q

what job causes asbestos exposure

A
  • shipbuilding yards

- power stations

24
Q

how long between exposure and disease

A

20-40 years

25
Q

what cancer does asbestos usually cause

A

adenocarcinoma

26
Q

what can asbestos cause on lung

A
  • pleural plaques
  • effusions
  • bilateral diffuse pleural thickening
  • mesothelioma
  • asbestosis
  • carcinoma of bronchus
27
Q

what is seen on chest x-ray of asbestosis

A
  • diffuse bilateral streaky shadows

- honeycomb lung

28
Q

definition of asbestosis

A

fibrosis of the lungs caused by asbestos dust

29
Q

symptoms of asbestosis

A
  • breathlessness
  • finger clubbing
  • bilateral end-inspiratory crackles
30
Q

what can show fibrosis when CXR cant

A

HRCT

31
Q

treatment of asbestosis

A

none

corticosteroids sometimes prescribed

32
Q

what is most common presentation of mesothelioma

A

pleural effusion

persistent chest wall pain

33
Q

diagnosis of mesothelioma

A

video-assisted thoracoscopic pleural biopsy

34
Q

treatment of mesothelioma

A

chemo with surgery

prognosis is very poor

35
Q

what causes byssinosis

A

cotton mills

36
Q

when do symptoms of byssinosis occur

A

on first day back at work after a break

37
Q

symptoms of byssinosis

A
  • tightness in chest
  • cough
  • breathlessness
38
Q

who is affected by cotton dust exposure

A

asthmatics

39
Q

what is beryllium jobs

A
  • aerospace
  • atomic reactors
  • electrical devices
40
Q

what is berylliosis similar to

A

sarcoidosis

41
Q

symptoms of berylliosis

A
  • progressive dyspnoea

- pulmonary fibrosis

42
Q

what is Caplan syndrome due to

A

occupational dust inhalation

43
Q

where is Caplan syndrome mostly

A

in right atrium

44
Q

who else gets Caplan syndrome

A
  • silica

- asbestos

45
Q

what is seen on CXR of Caplan syndrome

A

round nodules

46
Q

what does Caplan syndrome precede

A

fibrosis

respiratory (20 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions