Occupational Dialects and Jargon Flashcards

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1
Q

What are occupational dialects?

A

Dialects and specific ways of speaking which a certain groups of people within a particular occupation use

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2
Q

What do occupational dialects allow to happen within conversations of people from the same group?

A

They allow communication to be clear and used economically and precisely

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3
Q

What do occupational dialects allow to happen within conversations of people from different groups?

A

They can exclude people and make people of the particular occupation seem more important and sophisticated

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4
Q

What is the most identifiable characteristic of occupational dialects?

A

Vocabulary

although sometimes there are specific grammatical features

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5
Q

Does everyone from a particular occupational group understand all the dialect used?

A

No, some of the dialect is split into sub-varieties
e.g. education vocabulary:
class, GCSE, module - all can be understood by teachers and pupils
tracking - only used and understood by teachers (monitoring)
may also be split between schools, sixth forms, universities etc.

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6
Q

What is the occupational dialect which is commonly though of to have very distinctive features?

A

Legal language

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7
Q

What are the factors which make “legal language” so distinctive?

A

Needs to be precise and unambiguous

System is rooted in history and tradition

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8
Q

What are the specific examples of vocabulary used within “legal language”?

A

Archaic words - hereby, thereto
French - lieu
Latin - habeas corpus
Formal words and phrases - without let or hinderance

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9
Q

What are the specific examples of grammar used within “legal language”?

A

Lengthy and complex sentences with subordinate clauses
Repetition and lists
Certain word classes (modal verbs - may, shall ; hypernyms, hyponyms)

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10
Q

What are hypernyms?

A

Words which have a broad meaning for a category in which more specific meanings fall into
e.g colour is a hypernym for red

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11
Q

What are hyponyms?

A

Words which have a more specific meaning than a more general term used to describe them
e.g. spoon is a hyponym for cutlery

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12
Q

What is jargon?

A

Specialist vocabulary used by a particular occupation or group

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13
Q

How is jargon helpful within occupational groups?

A

Allows the group to function more efficiently as they can communicate more clearly, quickly and precisely

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14
Q

When can jargon become inappropriate?

A

When it is used with a wider, non-specialist audience as they probably won’t be able to understand what is meant

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15
Q

How is jargon criticised?

A

When it is used with a wider audience and the speaker/writer is not being sensitive to their needs

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16
Q

How is jargon used to express membership?

A

When used deliberately to confuse and is a means to express exclusivity

17
Q

What are the features of “unhelpful” jargon?

A

Unnecessarily complex, scientific and technical vocabulary
Abstract vocabulary
Euphemisms
Unnecessary elaborate constructions e.g. nouns -> noun phrases
Use of passive voice