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Clinical 1 > Occlusion > Flashcards

Occlusion Flashcards

1
Q

What is occlusion

A

The study of the relationships between the upper and lower teeth when they are closed together

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2
Q

What is the functional purpose of bringing teeth together

A

For chewing and for swallowing

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3
Q

What does occlusion involve

A 
The masticatory system:
Teeth
Periodontal tissues
Jaws
TMJ
Muscles
Nervous control
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4
Q

How are the teeth positioned most of the time

A

Teeth are apart

This position is called the returned contact position

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5
Q

What is the intercuspal position

A

The position when the mandible is maximally braced against the maxilla

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6
Q

Why is the retruded contact position sometimes used over the intercuspal position

A

It is sometimes used for dentures when there is not enough teeth for the intercuspal position

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7
Q

What are the cusps that occlude in the posterior teeth

A

The lower buccal and the upper palatal cusps

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8
Q

What do the posterior cusps occlude against

A

The fossa and marginal ridges of the opposing teeth

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9
Q

What do the lower incised edges and canine tips occlude against

A

The cingulum of the opposing teeth

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10
Q

In what direction does an ideal occlusal contact direct forces

A

Down the long axis of teeth

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11
Q

What is articulating paper for

A

It assesses whether the patients have a good and balanced occlusion ICP contacts are marked

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12
Q

What are the teeth maintained in position by

A

Contact with teeth in the opposing arch
Contact with adjacent teeth in the same arch
Soft tissues

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13
Q

What can happen to teeth if there is no opposing tooth

A

Over eruption

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14
Q

Why can over eruption be an issue

A

It can harm the opposing soft tissues

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15
Q

What is the sideward movement of the mandible from a medial occlusal position characterised by

A

Downward, forward and inward translation of the contralateral condyle
The i-is lateral side of the movement results in the condyle rotating about an axis

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16
Q

What is guidance

A

The tooth contacts that occur in lateral movements of the mandible

17
Q

How is guidance studied

A

Observing movements of the mandible from ICP outwards

18
Q

What are the different types of guidance

A

Canine

Group function

19
Q

What is an articulator

A

Device in which dental casts are held in relationship to each other and can replicate mandibular movements

20
Q

What are the basics in an examination of occlusion

A

Are there irregularities in tooth position in each arch that may impact occlusion
Is the ICP stable
What are the contacts in ICP
Which teeth provide guidance

21
Q

What are the different types of tooth wear

A

Attrition
Erosion
Abrasion

22
Q

What is attrition

A

Loss of tooth substance caused by contact between occluding surfaces

23
Q

What is attrition often caused by

A

Parafunctional activity - purposeless clenching and grinding of the teeth

24
Q

What is erosion

A

Loss of tooth substance by a chemical process not involving bacterial action

25
Q

What are the sources of erosion

A

Diet
Regurgitation
Environmental

26
Q

What is abrasion

A

Loss of tooth surface caused by abnormal rubbing from a non dental object often a tooth brush

27
Q

Why may restorations fail

A

Secondary caries fracture the restoration or tooth pulp death
Incompatibility with periodontal tissues
Poor appearance

28
Q

What should in intra/extra oral exam include

A

Assessment of the occlusion - both static and functional
Looking for signs of tooth wear
Evaluation of existing restorations

29
Q

What is the feedback system

A

When the teeth touch, a signal is sent to the brain to tell that the teeth are touching. The feedback system regulates the intensity of force applied to the teeth. The neuromuscular system that regulates these forces and jaw movements relies on proprioceptive input from the PDLs, tooth pulps, TMJ, muscles, tendons and ligaments

30
Q

What is a shim stock for

A

Asseses whether a patient has good occlusion and whether it is balanced or not
It is very thin
You may not be able to remove it due to the maximum intercuspation and we want the right and left to be balanced

31
Q

What should be present in a balanced occlusion

A

Even, bilateral contact points in ICP
Anterior teeth contacts evenly when the mandible protrudes
Contact with teeth in the opposing arch
Contact with teeth in the same arch

32
Q

What is canine guidance

A

If when you slide your teeth to the left and right, only the canines contact
This is good as canines are excellent at coping with lateral forces

33
Q

What is group function

A

If when you slide your teeth to the left and right, a number of teeth are in contact all sharing the load

34
Q

When may group function be present

A

When canines are worn down or crooked

35
Q

Why is canine guidance more ideal than group function

A

Heavier loads should ideally be near the anterior teeth and lighter loads at the back

Clinical 1 (12 decks)

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