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Clinical 1 > Development of the Dentition > Flashcards

Development of the Dentition Flashcards

1
Q

What is orthodontics

A

Branch of dentistry concerned with facial growth, with development of the dentition and occlusion and with the diagnosis interception and treatment of occlusal anomalies

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2
Q

What are the stages of development

A

Newborn
Primary dentition
Mixed dentition
Permanent dentition

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3
Q

Describe the dentition of a new born

A

The upper gum pad is rounded and the lower gum pad is U shaped
Has an anterior open bite with a slightly set back chin even when closed

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4
Q

What is skeletal class 1

A

Mandible is 2 - 3mm posterior to the maxilla

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5
Q

What is skeletal class 2

A

Mandible is retruded relative to the maxilla

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6
Q

What is skeletal class 3

A

Mandible is protruded relative to the maxilla

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7
Q

What is a natal tooth

A

It is a toothy a baby is born with

Often there is no replacement and if it is taken out then they are a tooth short

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8
Q

Describe treatment of cleft lip/palate

A

The lip is repaired in 3-6 months and the palate is repaired in a year
Ongoing issue is close to the gap, an operation is required creating scar tissue which impedes normal growth and development

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9
Q

What is the order of eruption in the primary dentition

A

Lowers before uppers

a b c d e

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10
Q

What is the eruption time for tooth a

A

6-7 months

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11
Q

What is the eruption time for tooth b

A

7-8 months

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12
Q

What is the eruption time for tooth c

A

18-20 months

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13
Q

What is the eruption time for tooth d

A

12-15 months

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14
Q

What is the eruption time for tooth e

A

24-36 months

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15
Q

Describe the primary dentition

A

Incisors are more upright than permanent dentition

They are spaced often marked towards the end

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16
Q

Why is it best to have space in the primary dentition

A

As the permanent dentition is less likely to have crowding

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17
Q

What is a mixed dentition

A

It is a mixture of primary and permanent teeth

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18
Q

What are the first teeth to erupt in the mixed dentition

A

6’s and incisors

12 teeth erupting here

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19
Q

When do the 6’s and incisors erupt

A

Age 6 - 8.5

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20
Q

When do the canines, premolars and second molars erupt

A

Age 10 - 12.5

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21
Q

How is space accommodated

A

Spacing of the deciduous dentition
Increase in inter-canine width - 3.5mm in the maxilla and 3mm in the mandible
Path of eruption is more proclined

22
Q

What is the rule for the symmetry of development

A

By 6 months there should be the same tooth in each side

23
Q

What problem can occur in the sequence of eruption

A

If a lateral erupts before a central then this is an indicator of a problem

24
Q

What are extra teeth that prevent the eruption of the other teeth called

A

Supranumerary teeth

25
Q

What does macrodont mean

A

Big

26
Q

What does microdont mean

A

Small

27
Q

What is an anterior cross bite

A

One tooth is sitting behind the lower and one in front

28
Q

What is an increased overjet

A

Upper teeth stick forward

29
Q

What is a reverse overjet

A

Top teeth are behind lower teeth

30
Q

What is the order of eruption in the canines, premolars, and second molars

A

In the lower - 3,4,5

In the upper - 4,5,3

31
Q

Where does arch length increase

A

Does not increase in front of the 1st primary molar but there is an increase in arch length posterior to the first deciduous molar to accommodate the 6,7 and 8

32
Q

What is the leeway space

A

Difference in size between e, d, c and 3,4 and 5

33
Q

What is the normal leeway space

A

Maxilla - 1.5mm

Mandible - 2.5mm

34
Q

What is transposition

A

Teeth come in the wrong position such as a 3 and a 4 being swapped

35
Q

What are features of an ideal static occlusion

A

Incisors slightly proclined with the lower Invisalign edge in contact with the cingulum plate of the maxillary teeth
Overjet and overbite is 2-4mm on average
The mesiobuccal cusp of the upper permanent molar occluded with the buccal groove of the mandibular first molar
Long axis of the teeth have a slight medial inclination except the lower incisors
Tight approximate contacts with no rotation
Flat occlusal plane or slight curve of speed
The crowns of the canines back to the molars have a lingual inclination

36
Q

What are the different incisor classifications

A

Class I
Class I division 1
Class II division 2
Class III

37
Q

What is class I incisor classsification

A

Lower incisor edges occlude or lie immediately below cingulum plateau of the upper central incisors

38
Q

What is class II division 1 incisor classification

A

The lower incisor edges lie posterior to the cingulum plateau of the upper incisors are proclined or of average inclination
The overjet is increased

39
Q

What is class II division 2 incisor classification

A

The lower incisor edges lie posterior to the cingulum plateau of the upper incisors
The upper central incisors are retro lined, the overjet is usually minimal but can be increased

40
Q

What is class III incisor classification

A

The lower incisor edges lie anterior to the cingulum plateau of the upper incisors
The overjet is reduced or reversed

41
Q

What is hypodontia

A

Congenital absence of one or more teeth

42
Q

What is crowding

A

Insufficient space to accommodate teeth in perfect alignment

43
Q

What is an overjet

A

Distance between the upper and lower incisors in the horizontal plane - normal overjet 2-4mm

44
Q

What is an overbite

A

Vertical overlap of the upper and lower incisors when viewed anteriorly
1/3 to one half coverage of the lower incisors is normal

45
Q

What is malocclusion

A

Variation from ideal occlusion which has dental health and/or psychosocial implications for the individual

46
Q

What is an ideal occlusion

A

Anatomically perfect arrangement of the teeth

47
Q

What is the normal occlusion

A

Acceptable variation from ideal occlusion

48
Q

What is the buccal cross bite

A

Buccal cusp of the lower premolars/ and or molars occlude ducally to the buccal cusps of the upper premolars and/or molars

49
Q

What are common missing teeth

A

Upper laterals or second premolars

50
Q

Can you have crowding and spacing in class 1 BSI

A

Yes

Clinical 1 (12 decks)

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