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Clinical 1 > Dental Materials > Flashcards

Dental Materials Flashcards

1
Q

What do material characteristics determine

A

Selecting the most suitable material
Preparation/placement method
Dentist/patients expectation
Longevity

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2
Q

What are the different material types

A

Restorative
Impression
Dentures
Metals and alloys

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3
Q

What are restorative materials for

A

They are for after dental caries have been removed to fill the cavity

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4
Q

How does the material chosen influence cavity design

A

Amalgam is held in position mechanically whereas composite bonds therefore you can remove minimal enamel

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5
Q

What is creep in reference to amalgam

A

Low level forces are applied and overtime this causes the material to protrude around the margins which makes in vulnerable to fracturing

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6
Q

Why does a fractured filling require replacement

A

A fracture allows fluid and bacteria to reach the dental pulp

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7
Q

How can composite resin be made more/less viscous

A

Depending on glass particle filler composition

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8
Q

What does acid etching do

A

Grooves the enamel allowing material to interlock with it

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9
Q

What is used for the acid etch technique

A

30% phosphoric acid applied for 20 seconds

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10
Q

What is sheer strength

A

Strength against forces trying to slide the material across the tooth

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11
Q

What is compressive strength

A

How much the filling can bear before it fractures

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12
Q

What is glass ionomer cement

A

Bonds to enamel

Releases fluoride which helps prevent secondary caries

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13
Q

Which material has the greatest compressive strength

A

Amalgam

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14
Q

Which material has the greatest tensile strength

A

Composite

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15
Q

Why is the thermal expansion properties of a material important

A

Restorative material should expand/contract as the tooth does otherwise micro leakage occurs which can result in secondary caries

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16
Q

What is the key component of impression materials

A

Viscosity

17
Q

What does low viscosity impression material allow

A

Most accurate record of tooth surface detail but less stable after setting so can warp the shape in time resulting in distorted record of patients dentition

18
Q

What does high viscosity impression material allow

A

Most dimensionally stable after setting and removing

19
Q

How is the low viscosity impression material applied

A

It is placed around individuals teeth

The initial impression tray is inserted

20
Q

What is the two step technique

A

When high and low viscosity materials are used in combination

21
Q

Why is the elasticity of impression material important

A

When removing the impression material the bottom part must be able to fit over the bulb of the tooth
The material flares out so you can pull it outwards
Ideally it would have the same shape as the tooth but it doesn’t so the impression is technically not 100% accurate

22
Q

What is a positive replica

A

Clinical will put gypsum into impression resulting in a dental cast

23
Q

What is an acrylic resin dentures

A

All made out of acrylic

24
Q

What are metals and alloys used for

A

Partial dentures
Frameworks
Orthodontic wires
Denture bases

25
Q

What is a partial denture framework

A

Better in terms of fitting

Can be taken off as required

26
Q

What is viscosity

A

Ability to flow

27
Q

What is elasticity

A

Ability of material to return to its original shape on removal of an applied force

28
Q

What is rigidity

A

Measure of how much force is needed to cause a temporary change in shape of material

29
Q

What is compressive strength

A

Ability to withstand applied compressive forces without fracturing

30
Q

What is hardness

A

Ability of surface to withstand applied compressive forces without fracturing

31
Q

What is creep

A

Change in shape due to repetitive application of small forces

32
Q

What are the properties of dental materials

A

Mechanical
Thermal
Flow
Miscellaneous

33
Q

What are the mechanical properties of dental materials

A

Strength - sheer, tensile, compressive, flexural, tear
Rigidity
Hardness, abrasion
Resistance

34
Q

What are the thermal properties of dental materials

A

Expansion coefficient conduction

35
Q

What are the flow properties of dental materials

A

Viscosity

Viscosity-elasticity

36
Q

What are the miscellaneous properties of dental materials

A

Creep

37
Q

What is the green material in the two step technique

A

Low viscosity

38
Q

What is the orange material in the two step technique

A

High viscosity

39
Q

How is high viscosity material placed

A

In a tray

Clinical 1 (12 decks)

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