OBSTETRIC AND GYNECOLOGICAL CONDITIONS Flashcards
Breast PAIN or tenderness
Pain often worsens during premenstrual phase
Often multiple and bilateral _Rapid fluctuation in mass size
Absence of enlarged or tender lymphadenopathy
Fibrocystic Changes
NON tender mass 1-5cm
rubbery
mobile
unilateral
defined borders
Fibroadenoma
A firm, irregular mass, often appearing as an area of discoloration
Often accompanied by skin or nipple retraction
Ecchymosis
Most commonly caused by trauma (MVA or assualt)
Common seen after fat injections toaugment breast size, segmental resection, radiation therapy, or flap reconstruction
Fat Necrosis
Single, NON tender, firm to hard mass with ill defined margins
Fixation of mass to skin or chest wall
Skin or nipple retraction
Axillary lymphadenopathy
Breast enlargement, erythema, edema, pain
Feamale Breast Carcinoma
Hard mass with ill defined margins beneath the nipple or areolar
Fixation of mass to skin or chest wall
Gynecomastia
male Breast Carcinoma
Serous (most likely due to benign fibrocystic changes)
Bloody (more likely neoplastic papilloma or cacinoma)
Unilateral (neoplastic or non-neoplastic)
Bilateral (most likely endocrine etiology)
Nipple Discharge
May have painful menstrual cramping
May be asymptomatic or spotting Signs of:
-anemia
-Fatigue
-Pallor
-Light headedness
-Dizziness with exertion
-Pica (craving or chewing ice)
-Weakness
-HA
Abnormal Uterine Bleeding
(ABU)
-Bloating
-Breast pain
-Ankle swelling
-An sense of increased weight -Skin disorders
-Irritability
-Aggressiveness
-Depression
-Inability to concentrate
-Libido change
-Lethargy
-Food cravings
Recurrent variable cluster of troublesome physical and emotional symptoms that develop during the 5 days before the onset of menses and subsides within 4 days after menstruation occurs
Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD)
Inflammation and infection of the vagina
Vaginitis
Vulvovaginal Candidiasis
_Pruitis
_Vulvovaginal erythema
_White curd like discharge that is NOT malodorous
_Itching
Pruritus and a malodorous frothy, yellow-green discharge
Diffuse vaginal erythema
Strawberry cervix (red macular lesions on the cervix)
Trichomonas Vaginalis Vaginitis
Malodorous discharge without obvious vulvitis or vaginitis
Vagina DOES NOT look angry
NOT sexually transmitted
Bacterial Vaginosis
Periodic painful swelling on either side of the vaginal opening
Dyspareunia (pain during sex)
Fluctuant swelling to the labia
Tenderness
Bartholin’s Gland Abscess
Discrete, round, firm, often multiple uterine tumor
Frequently asymptomatic
Pelvic pressure
Abnormal uterine bleeding
Abnormal uterine bleeding
Fibroid Tumor
-Chronic pelvic pain
-Infertility
-Dysmenorrhea
-Dyspareunia
-Abnormal uterine bleeding _May be asymptomatic
Physical exam findings:
-Tender nodules in the cul-de-sac or rectovaginal septum
-Cervical motion tenderness
-Adnexal mass or tenderness
Endometriosis
Endometriosis
-Chills and fever
-Menstrual disturbances
-Vaginal discharge
-Cervical motion tenderness
-Uterine tenderness
-Adnexal tenderness
Most common in young, nulliparous, sexually active women with multiple sexual partners
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)
-Mild nonspecific gastrointestinal symptoms
-Pelvic pressure
-Abdominal pain
-Bloating
-Palpable abdominal mass with ascites
Ovarian Mass
Characterized by: chronic anovulation with abnormal menses, polycystic ovaries, hyperandrogenism
ASSOCIATED WITH:
-Hirsutism
-Obesity
-Increased risk for diabetes and cardiovascular disease
-Menstrual disorders
(amenorrhea to menorrhagia)
-Infertility
-Skin disorders
-Insulin resistance
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS)
A sexual pain disorder with recurrent or persistent genital pain associated with sexual intercourse that is not associated with lack of lubrication or vaginismus
Dyspareunia
Sensation of burning
Pain
Itching
Stinging
Irritaion
Rawness
Generally no physical exam findings
Vulvodynia
Results from fear, pain, sexual trauma, or negative attitude towards sex
A sexual pain disorder with recurrent or persistent involuntary spasm of the musculature of the outer third of the vagina
Vaginismus
-Amenorrhea
-Nausea and vomiting
-Breast tenderness / tingling
-Urinary frequency / urgency
-Weight gain
-“Quickening” (perception of first movement noted at about the 18th week)
-Softening of the cervix occurs around 7 weeks
-Chadwick sign (bluish to purple color cervix)
Intrauterine Pregnancy
-Bleeding or cramping occurs, but the pregnancy continues
-The cervix is not dilated
Threatened Abortion
-Products of conception are completely expelled
-Pain STOPS, but spotting may continues
-Cervical os is closed, some blood in the vaginal vault
Complete Abortion
-The cervix is dilated
-Mild cramps
Bleeding is persistent and often excessive
-Some of the products of conception remains in the uterus
Incomplete Abortion
-No symptoms of pregnancy
-Brownish vaginal discharge but no active bleeding
-No pain
-Cervix is semi firm and slightly patulous
-Uterus becomes smaller and irregularly softened
-Adnexa are normal
-Women may be indicated for abortifacient and curettage.
-The pregnancy has stopped developing, but the conceptus has not been expelled
Missed Abortion
-Severe lower quadrant pain -Sudden in onset
-Unilateral pelvic pain
-Stabbing
-Intermittent
-Does not radiate
-Backache
-Adnexal tenderness
-Vaginal bleeding
-Many have been infertile
Ectopic Pregnancy
Unilateral cellulitis of breast of lactating women
Sudden onset of swelling, tenderness, erythema, heat of affected area of breast
Frequently begins 3 months after delivery
Mastitis
Absence of menses for 3 consecutive months in women who have passed menarche
Secondary Amenorrhea
_Sudden unilateral adnexal tenderness and constant pain with NO bleeding
_May develop after episodes of exertion or athletics
_Possible palpable adnexal mass
Ovarian Torsion
