Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

Question 1

obsessions

Answer 1

recurrent, persistent, intrusive, and unwanted thoughts, images, or impulses

Question 2

compulsions

Answer 2

ritualistic or repetitive behaviors that a person carries out continuously in an attempt to decrease anxiety that interfere with personal, social, and or occupational functioning

Question 3

common obsessive thought themes

Answer 3

contamination, religious preoccupation or blasphemy, aggressive urges, doubting, accidental harm to other, sexual

Question 4

common compulsions

Answer 4

touching, rubbing, tapping, orderings, exhibiting rigid performance, checking rituals, counting rituals, washing/scrubbing, praying/chanting

Question 5

biological etiology for compulsive disorder

Answer 5

increased activity in prefrontal cortex

Question 6

cognitive etiology for compulsive disorder

Answer 6

childhood and environmental experiences of growing up, person believes their thoughts are overly important, perfectionism and intolerance of uncertainty, inflated personal responsibility

Question 7

excoriation

Answer 7

skin picking

Question 8

onychophagia

Answer 8

nail biting

Question 9

trichotillomania

Answer 9

hair pulling

Question 10

kleptomania

Answer 10

compulsive stealing; reward is thrill of stealing and not getting caught; more common in females; long term therapy for tx

Question 11

oniomania

Answer 11

compulsive buying; spending beyond financial means; pleasure from acquiring purchased object and not the use of the object

Question 12

hoarding

Answer 12

excessive acquisition; tx with medications, cbt, community resources

Question 13

pyromania

Answer 13

fire setting; impulsive, not planned; more common in adolescents and males

Question 14

body dysmorphic disorder

Answer 14

preoccupation with slight or even imagined physical imperfection; obsesses and worries about defect; repetitive, elective cosmetic surgery procedures, usually comorbidities

Question 15

body identity integrity disorder

Answer 15

feeling alienated from a part of the body to the extent of seeking amputation of identified body part; usually will not amputate, so may resort to home amputation techniques

Question 16

treatment for onychophagia

Answer 16

SSRIs

Question 17

Asian Americans and African Americans report more of what OCD symptoms

Answer 17

contamination related

Question 18

Asian Americans experience more of what types of beliefs

Answer 18

obsessive

Question 19

Assessment of OCD patients

Answer 19

general appearance, motor behavior: tense, anxious, embarassement
mood, affect: overwhelming anxiety
thought process, content: obsessions out of nowhere, perseverate on obsessions
judgement, insight: obsessions as irrational but unable to stop them
self-concept: powerlessness
roles, relationships: impaired by compulsions
physiologic, self-care considerations: sleeping problems, trouble completing ADLs

Question 20

10 Items on Yale Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale

Answer 20

1. time spent on obsession
2. interference from obsession
3. distress from obsession
4. resistance to obsession
5. control over obsession
6. time spent on compulsion
7. interference from compulsion
8. distress from compulsion
9. resistance to compulsion
10. control over compulsion

Question 21

OCD Treatment

Answer 21

combo of medications and therapy work best;
first line medications: SSRIs
second line: SNRI

children and adolescents more likely to respond to SSRIs, even if treatment resistant

Question 22

tx for treatment resistant OCD

Answer 22

second-generation antipsychotics

Question 23

second generation antipsychotics

Answer 23

risperidone, quetiapine, olanzapine

Question 24

SSRIs

Answer 24

citalopram, fluoxetine, sertraline, escitalopram, paroxetine

Question 25

SNRIs

Answer 25

desvenlafaxine, duloxetine, venlafaxine

Question 26

how do SSRIs work?

Answer 26

block the reuptake of serotonin, symptoms gradually decrease when starting (10 days until start to see effect)

Question 27

how to SNRIs work?

Answer 27

increase serotonin and norepinephrine levels

Question 28

types of therapy used in OCD

Answer 28

cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)
exposure therapy
response therapy

Question 29

what is cbt?

Answer 29

treatment focuses on examining the relationships between thoughts, feelings, and behaviors

Question 30

what is exposure therapy?

Answer 30

deliberately confronting situation and stimuli that one usually tries to avoid

Question 31

what is response prevention?

Answer 31

delay or avoid performing the rituals. learn to tolerate the thoughts and anxiety; employ deep breathing and relaxation methods to tolerate anxiety

Question 32

therapeutic communication techniques

Answer 32

validate feelings of anxiety, encourage sense of control

Question 33

relaxation techniques

Answer 33

deep breathing and progressive relaxation