anxiety

Question 1

anxiety

Answer 1

vague feeling of dread or apprehension that is different than fear

Question 2

fear

Answer 2

feeling afraid or threatened by identifiable stimulus representing danger

Question 3

stress

Answer 3

wear and tear of life on the body

Question 4

general adaptation syndrome

Answer 4

physiologic aspects of stress

Question 5

alarm reaction stage

Answer 5

preparation for defense

Question 6

resistance stage

Answer 6

blood shunted to areas needed for defense

Question 7

exhaustion stage

Answer 7

stores depleted; emotional components unresolved

Question 8

positive anxiety reactions

Answer 8

guided imagery
relaxation and refocusing
deep breathing

Question 9

negative (maladaptive)

Answer 9

tension headaches
pain syndromes

Question 10

mild level of anxiety

Answer 10

special attention; increased sensory stimulation, motivation

Question 11

moderate level of anxiety

Answer 11

something definitely wrong; nervousness/agitation; difficulty concentrating; able to be redirected

Question 12

severe level of anxiety

Answer 12

trouble thinking and reasoning; tightening muscles; increased vital signs; restless, irritable, angry

Question 13

panic level of anxiety

Answer 13

fight, flight, or freeze response; increased vital signs; dilated pupils, cognitive processes focusing on defense

Question 14

working with an anxious patients tips

Answer 14

self-awareness of anxiety level, help the client label emotions and identify anxiety, assessment of persons anxiety level, low, calm, soothing voice, careful use of touch

Question 15

interventions for mild and moderate anxiety

Answer 15

encourage problem solving with client
help the client identify thoughts/feelings preceding the anxiety
assist in developing alternate solutions to the problems
provide positive outlets for dissipating excess energy

Question 16

interventions for severe anxiety and panic

Answer 16

use of short, simple, easy to understand sentences and low pitched voice, remain with the person, lower persons anxiety level to moderate or mild before preceding, safety during panic level, short term use of anxiolytics

Question 17

altruism

Answer 17

emotional conflicts and stressors are addressed by meeting the needs of others

Question 18

sublimation

Answer 18

substituting constructive and socially acceptable activities for unacceptable strong impulses

Question 19

humor

Answer 19

emphasizing amusing or ironic aspects of the stressor

Question 20

suppression

Answer 20

conscious denial of a disturbing situation/feeling

Question 21

types of anxiety disorders

Answer 21

agoraphobia, panic disorder, specific phobia, social phobia, generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)

Question 22

biologic theories of anxiety disorders

Answer 22

genetics
neurochemical theories

Question 23

psychodynamic theories of anxiety disorders

Answer 23

intrapsychic/psychoanalytic theories (freud and defense mechanisms)
interpersonal theories (sullivan, peplau)
behavioral theory

Question 24

generalized anxiety disorder

Answer 24

excessive worrying and anxiety at least 50% of the time that lasts for 6 months or more; unable to control the worrying and anxiety

Question 25

symptoms of GAD; how many sx are needed for dx

Answer 25

uneasiness, irritability, muscle tension, fatigue, sleep alterations, difficulty thinking

Question 26

tx for GAD

Answer 26

combination of medication and therapy; meditation and mindfulness training

Question 27

types of CBT used for tx GAD

Answer 27

positive reframing, decatastrophizing, assertiveness training

Question 28

types of medication used for tx of GAD

Answer 28

anxiolytics and antidepressants

Question 29

positive reframing

Answer 29

turning negative messages into positive ones

Question 30

decatastrophizing

Answer 30

making more realistic appraisal of situation

Question 31

assertiveness training

Answer 31

learning to negotiate interpersonal situations

Question 32

use of anti anxiety drugs

Answer 32

anxiety, anxiety disorders, insomnia, OCD, depression, posttraumatic stress disorder, alcohol withdrawal

Question 33

mechanism of action of anti-anxiety

Answer 33

mediation of GABA (benzos) partial agonist activity at serotonin receptors (buspar)

Question 34

examples of benzos

Answer 34

diazepam, alprazolam, chlordiazepoxide, lorazepam, clonazepam, oxazepam

Question 35

fast onset benzos

Answer 35

diazepam

Question 36

intermediate onset benzos

Answer 36

alprazolam, chlordiazepoxide, lorazepam

Question 37

slow onset benzos

Answer 37

clonazepam, oxazepam

Question 38

longest duration benzos

Answer 38

diazepam (20-100), clonazepam (18-50)

Question 39

middle duration benzos

Answer 39

lorazepam(10-20hr), alprazolam (6-12hr)

Question 40

short duration benzos

Answer 40

chlordiazepoxide (5-15hr) oxazepam (4-15hr )

Question 41

benzodiazepine side effects

Answer 41

physical, psychological dependence, CNS depression, hangover effect, tolerance

Question 42

buspirone side effects

Answer 42

dizziness, sedation, nausea, headache

Question 43

anti-anxiety drug patient teaching topics

Answer 43

safety measures, avoidance of alcohol and caffeine, avoidance of abrupt discontinuation, drug may lose its effectiveness over time, do not take with antacids (buspar)

Question 44

gerontological considerations for anxiety

Answer 44

often associated with another condition, such as depression, dementia, physical illness or medication toxicity or withdrawal phobias (GAD most common)

Question 45

treatment of choice for anxiety in geriatrics

Answer 45

SSRIs

Question 46

panic disorder

Answer 46

discrete episodes of panic; no stimulus for panic response; peaks in late adolescence to mid-30s

Question 47

treatment for panic disorder

Answer 47

cognitive behavioral techniques, deep breathing and relaxation, benzos, SSRIs, tricyclic antidepressants, antihypertensives (clonidine, propranolol)

Question 48

phobias

Answer 48

intense illogical persistent fear out of proportion to the situation or circumstance

Question 49

categories of phobias

Answer 49

agoraphobia, specific phobias, social phobia (social anxiety disorder)

Question 50

agoraphobia

Answer 50

extreme fear of crowded places

Question 51

treatment for phobias

Answer 51

behavioral therapy; positive reframing, assertiveness training, systematic desensitization, flooding medications