Object perception Flashcards
Describe Picasso image
Very challenging for visual system
But brain recognizes ppl and table and stuff
Must compare to internal mdoels
Why do need to recognize objects
Ability to recognize and categorize objects is fudnamatemally for survival and interaction with envrieomnt
Allows us to navigate world, dangers, food and plays a crucial role in social interactions
Perception to action loop
Technological context = replicating these abilities = can enhance our safety, health and well being, handling tasks ranging from autonomous driving to early detection of disease in medical images
What are challenges of creating effective object recognition systems
Reflect complexities of visual processing in brain = variability of objects - brain deals with variance, context, lighting conditions = influences what it looks like
Requires systems capable fo abstraction and generalization from limited exs, similar to human ability to learn and recognize new or unfamiliar objects - brains and as
Describe 5 blind monks
None of them have same conclusion - diff based on what they perceiving - touching
Need to increase info to get full pic
Describe template theory
Proposition that visual system recognizes objects by matching the neural representation of the image with an internal representation of s she shape in brain
Drawback = hard to store unique template for ever occurrence of object ever seen
Describe exemplar theory
Brain reorganizes objects by comparing them to multiple stored examples rather than single template
Not relying on idealizes template - recognition occurs based on what you already experienced in the past, more flexible than template
Describe generalized context model
Diff metrics
Marie formal and mathematical
Formalized exemplar theory in generalized context model
Describe prototype model
Ppl form average of category of objects store - abstract prototype that represents best ex of category
Like best ex of dog - compared to this
Cognitive categories organized around prototypes
View as typical ex or an average over several examples than form category
Storage - template theory
Fixed templates for each object
Recognition process template tehory
Direct matching to a single internal representation
Flexibility template theory
Limited -sensitive to variations
Cannot store infinite templates, grandmother cells
Scalability template theory
Requires many templates for diff views
Dog ex template theory
Matches input to a stored dog template
Like side view of Labrador
Storage exemplar theory
Mueller stores examples - exemplars
Recognition process exemplar theory
Cora prison with multiple previously seen instances
Flexibility exemplar theory
High - handles variability well
Scalability exemplar theory
Stores many exemplars but generalizes well
Dog ex exemplar theory
Compares input to multiple stored dog examples - various breeds, angles and contexts
Storage prototype theory
Single abstracted prototype per category
Recognition process prototype tehory
Matching to the most representative prototype
Flexibility prototype theory
Moderate - allows for some variation but relies on an average
Scalability prototype theory
Requires storing only one prototype per category
Dog ex prototype theory
Compares input to an idealized average dog that represents the category
Describe general recognition theory - categorizing based on
Multivariate
Extension of signal detection tehory
Focusing on how perceptual distributions influenced decision making