OBJ 2.3 Flashcards
Determine appropriate documentation of detailed building drawings within individual architectural systems (A/E) You will need to resolve, detail, and document individual architectural systems such as partition types, expansion joints, windows, doors, louvers, stairs, and other systems based on constructability, environmental, programmatic, and other building requirements.
Door Parts
Door Parts Answer
Door Type
Rail and Stile
Stair Parts
Stair Parts Answers
True or false? If a local ordinance or code is stricter than the International Building Code (IBC), the design must comply with the local codes.
True. It is important for the candidate to know that local or state requirements that are stricter than the IBC will trump them. The most stringent of the requirements always applies.
Should a building’s footing be located at the frost line or below it?
Below. In other words, the top of the footing should be at frostline and, therefore, the entirety of the footing is below the frostline.
Tuckpointing
Tuckpointing is a masonry repair process whereby mortar joints are ground down, cleaned out, and filled with new mortar.
Mechanical Louver
Protected openings in the façade of a building for mechanical systems to intake fresh air and exhaust used air. Mechanical louvers often are a system that have built-in drainage and are designed to protect the building from wind and rain.
Non-Load-Bearing Partitions
Interior partitions that are not integral to the structure of the building, and can be altered or removed in the future. Non-load bearing partitions can be made of CMU, metal studs with drywall, wood framing with drywall, etc.
Shaft Wall
Non-load-bearing gypsum wallboard assemblies, used when one side of a shaft cannot be accessed; typically used for vertical penetrations to achieve a fire rating.
Transom Light
A window over a door.
Side Light
A window adjacent to a door to introduce light into the room and provide a view.
Mullion
An element that forms a division between window or door units.
Muntin
Small bars that separate two panes of glass in order to join them together to make a larger expanse of glass.
Coordinator
Coordinates the closing sequence of double doors when one has an astragal, so that they close in the proper order and may close completely.
Astragal
A vertical element used between double doors that seals the gaps between the two leaves to act as a doorstop or to give added security.
What door type is depicted?
What door type is depticted?
Paneled
What door type is depticted?
Overhead Sectional
What door type is depticted?
Half Lite
What door type is depticted?
Full Lite
What door type is depticted?
Flush
Waterstop
A continuous piece of neoprene rubber or other material installed in a concrete joint to prevent the flow of water through the joint.
Solid-Core Wood Door
Solid-core wood doors are made from wood veneer faces over solid cores of various materials such as particleboard. They have better acoustical and fire-resistive properties and are more secure and durable than hollow-core doors.
Hollow-Core Wood Door
Hollow-core doors are made with wood veneer faces on each side of a cellular cardboard interior. They transmit sound easily and have no fire-resistive properties.
Panel Wood Door
Panel doors consist of solid horizontal rail and vertical stile construction with panels in-between that can be either flat or raised.
Latch
A latch is required on all fire doors to keep them from blowing open during a fire and allowing smoke and fire to spread.
Undercut
When a door is cut at the bottom to provide clearance for airflow. Undercuts are 3/4” maximum for fire-rated doors.
Swing-Clear Hinges
Allows the door to get completely out of the way of the frame, increasing the clear width of the opening.
Sill Plate
Treated lumber that is attached to the top of the foundation wall as a way to provide a base for the floor framing; fastened with anchor bolts.
Sill Sealer
A material that is inserted between the sill plate and the top of the foundation to provide a seal against air infiltration and moisture wicking.
Termite Shield
In light wood frame construction, a termite shield is a piece of sheet metal that is installed at the top of a foundation to limit termites’ migration from the soil to the wood framing above. Used in areas where risk of termite infestation is high.
Double Egress Doors
Pair of doors that are designed to allow egress in both directions. Each leaf is designed to swing in the opposite direction and is coordinated with the flow of traffic. Typically used in hospital corridors.
Double Acting Doors
A single door that is able to swing in both directions because of pivot hinges or double acting hinges.
Treated Wood
Chemical treatment of lumber for decay, fire, or insect resistance. Chemicals are applied to the lumber under pressure. The chemicals used are always evolving. Copper chromium arsenate used to be widely used to treat lumber but is no longer used because of its high toxicity.
Incising
In treated lumber, little cuts are sometimes made in the wood to improve chemical impregnation. This is called incising.
WPC
Wood Plastic Composite (WPC) is a mix of wood particles and heated thermoplastics used as an alternative to lumber for exterior trim and decks. Examples: Trex and Azek.
Naturally Decay-Resistant Wood
Heartwood of redwood, cedar, black locust, and black walnut are decay resistant per the IBC and redwood and Eastern red cedar are termite-resistant. Specifying all heartwood as sapwood of the same species does not offer this protection.
AWPA
The American Wood Protection Association (AWPA) provides standards for chemically treated wood.
Ventilating of attics and crawlspaces
Attics and crawlspaces must be ventilated to keep moisture from damaging building materials.
Wood that is submerged in water is _________.
Resistant to decay because of lack of oxygen. This does not apply to seawater, only fresh water.
True or false? Automated entrance doors are required where public buildings must be accessible.
False, while helpful, they are not required.
A smooth surface must be provided on the push side of swing doors for a minimum of __ inches AFF.
10 inches. This is because people in wheelchairs often use their toes to help kick a door open. It is not required on sliding doors.
The maximum opening force for interior doors is ____ lbf.
- Exterior doors’ opening force is not specified due to wind loading and air pressure and should be set at the minimum force possible to maintain a latch.
Are doors to pantries and shallow closets required to comply with maneuvering clearances?
No, but walk-in closet and pantry doors are.
Are screen or storm doors considered to be “in series”?
No, and they don’t have to comply with the maneuvering clearances.
Per ADA required clearances at doors, a door can be recessed no more than __ inches beyond the wall it is in.
8 inches. Typically the door would not be recessed at all, but if a door with a deeper recess is needed, 8” is allowed.
Purpose of building joints
Resultant of our need to work with materials that can be easily and efficiently fabricated, transported, and assembled on site. Joints allow for field adjustments in assemblies during construction.
Two different strategies for joining building components
- Static Joint: non-moving joint between the components. In the case of a window, a static joint would result in broken glass, broken frame, or both. 2. Movement Joint: allows materials to move independently and, at the same time, hold the window glass securely in the frame.
Construction Joint
A special type of static joint that is provided between two concrete placements.
Types of Movement Joints
Building Joints: joints between different parts of the building as a whole Component Joints: joints between individual components of an assembly
Spacing between building separation joints
Suggested spacing is 250’ between building separation joints. Most buildings of simple rectangular shape up to 300’ do not need separation joints.
Typical width of a building separation joint
1.5” to 2” running throughout the entire building from floor to floor and from face to face.
Which discontinuities require building separation joints?
- Where a low building mass meets a tall mass 2. Where the building changes direction, such as in an L-shape or T-shape building 3. Where the building’s structural material changes, such as where a steel frame building meets a concrete frame
Seismic Joint
Similar but also different from a building separation joint. These are also provided where there are major dissimilarities in building form. The purpose is to ensure that one section of the building doesn’t collide with the adjacent section during an earthquake.
Width of a seismic joint
Typically wider than a building separation joint; in highly seismic locations, this joint could be a few feet wide for a tall building.
What causes movement in building components?
-Thermal movement - Moisture movement - Elastic deformation and creep - Construction tolerances and other considerations
Steel movement types in buildings
Thermal, elastic deformation.
Concrete movement types in buildings
Thermal, elastic deformation, creep, and reversible moisture.
Concrete masonry movement types in buildings
Thermal, elastic deformation, creep, and reversible moisture.
Brick masonry movement types in buildings
Thermal, elastic deformation, creep, and irreversible moisture.
Wood movement types in buildings
Thermal, elastic deformation, creep, and reversible moisture.
Annual temperature range that a component is subjected to
This is the difference between the maximum and minimum temperatures of the component.
Thermal Movement
Generally the most critical movement, because it occurs in all components, particularly those exposed to the exterior climate, such as exterior walls.
Moisture movement in steel, copper, and aluminum
These materials are generally dimensionally stable with respect to moisture.
Moisture movement in portland cement
Materials with a portland cement base tend to shrink due to moisture loss.
Moisture movement in concrete and masonry
Clay masonry units expand on absorption of water or water vapor. This expansion is irreversible.
Moisture movement in wood
Wood shrinks and swells, depending on the ambient air’s humidity and temperature, changing in dimensions.
Material with the highest coefficient of thermal expansion
Plastics
Creep Deflection
Time-dependent additional deflection of the beam is known as________.
Creep
When a material moves or deforms slowly over time due to mechanical stresses; may or may not lead to failure.
Elastic Deformation
Building components are designed to remain elastic under loads. Also known as instantaneous deformation. These are routinely determined for all types of structures and are a part of the structural calculations.
Joint detailing of an expansion joint
The filler of the joint must be elastomeric to allow for unrestrained movement of the components.
Joint detailing of a control joint
This filler can be elastomeric or nonelastomeric. The detailing must allow for unrestrained shrinkage of the components.
Difference between expansion joint and control joint
Control joints occur in concrete masonry or masonry walls. Expansion joints are provided in almost all components because temperature-induced movement is universal.
