OBJ 2.1

Question 1

Coefficient of Thermal Expansion

Answer 1

The ratio of unit strain to temperature change, describing how an object changes size with increase/decrease in temperature. Formula - Delta L/L = Alpha*Delta T Delta L - Change in Length L - Original Length Delta T - Change in Temperature Alpha - Linear Coefficient of Thermal Expansion

Question 2

True or False? Higher FARs indicate greater building volume on a given parcel of land.

Answer 2

True. The goal of calculating Floor Area Ratio (FAR) is to see how large the footprint of a new building can be on a given lot of land as dictated by the local zoning ordinance.

Question 3

Identify the following common abbreviations and notations used in construction drawings: PSF, COL, CONT, GYP BD, AFF, HR, VTR, NIC, GALV, GFI, FD, BM, ADJ, BC, EX, RO, MO, RM, SIM, and WF.

Answer 3

PSF = pounds per square footCOL = columnCONT = continuousGYP BD = gypsum boardAFF = above finished floorHR = hourVTR = vent through roofNIC = not in contractGALV = galvanizedGFI = ground fault interrupterFD = floor drainBM = benchmarkADJ = adjustableBC = bottom of curbEX = existingRO = rough openingMO = masonry openingRM = roomSIM = similarWF = wide flange

Question 4

Keynote

Answer 4

A method for noting details, where items in details are called out by their specification section number.

Question 5

Cavity Wall

Answer 5

A wall formed with two masonry walls, typically one brick tied back to CMU, with an air space in-between.

Question 6

Cartoon Set

Answer 6

A road map to the final set of documents, showing all the drawings required to document and communicate the design to the constructor. The cartoon set shows all the elevations, details, plans, and so on needed in the set, and should be updated as the project evolves.

Question 7

Rainscreen

Answer 7

Exterior wall system where the cladding material (metal panel, fiber cement panels, etc.) has an air space between the water resistant surface and insulation. Air and moisture are allowed to move through the air space.

Question 8

Composite Construction

Answer 8

A construction system using two or more dissimilar materials; typically refers to concrete and steel used together.

Question 9

Double Wythe Masonry Wall

Answer 9

A wall formed with two masonry units thick, grouted solid.

Question 10

Terrazzo

Answer 10

A composite material made of chips of marble, quartz, glass, granite, and so on that is mixed with a cementitious binder and applied to the slab. The material is leveled and then ground to provide a smooth, semi-gloss finish. The flooring is suitable for high-traffic areas, where there are concerns about flooring longevity.

Question 11

Weep Hole

Answer 11

A small opening in a wall assembly that allows for water to drain from the cavity of the wall; typically found in masonry cavity walls.

Question 12

Oil Canning

Answer 12

The appearance of waves in flat metal panel on the roof or exterior wall of a building using metal panels. This appearance is caused by elastic buckling or stress within the material.

Question 13

Hardwood

Answer 13

Mostly harvested from deciduous trees (i.e., oak, maple, birch), hardwoods are often used as finishmaterials and furniture. Typical applications include flooring and millwork. Hardwoods can be painted orstained depending on the desired application.

Question 14

Softwood

Answer 14

Mostly harvested from coniferous trees (i.e., Douglas Fir, pine), softwoods are often used as structural lumber. They can also be used for furniture and finishes, but are less dense than hardwoods so they are more prone to damage. Softwoods can be painted or stained but are often left unfinished in hidden applications.

Question 15

Plastic Laminate

Answer 15

A material constructed using multiple sheets of paper that are impregnated with a resin and glued together. The topmost layer is a finished plastic sheet that provides the desired finish and is resistant to damage. Plastic laminates are often used for countertops and millwork.

Question 16

Solid Surface

Answer 16

A synthetic, nonporous material that is consistent in finish through the entirety of its thickness. Solid surface is often used as an economic alternative to granite or stone. Solid surface is often used for countertops, windowsills, and benches.

Question 17

Text size in architectural drawings

Answer 17

Usually 1/8” or 3/32” high.

Question 18

Kerning

Answer 18

In typography, kerning is the spacing of the letters within a word to achieve a pleasant and readable text.

Question 19

Plain Sawn

Answer 19

The most common and least expensive way to manufacture lumber. Plain sawn lumber is cut in such a way as to keep the annular rings of the wood at an angle of 30° or less to the face of the board. Often referred as tangential grain, this cut results in wood that displays a cathedral pattern on the face of the boards.

Question 20

Quarter Sawn

Answer 20

Quarter sawn lumber produces more waste than plain sawn lumber, so it is more expensive. It is defined as wood cut at a 60–90° angle to the annular rings. Its name derives from the production process, during which logs are cut into quarters before being sliced into boards.

Question 21

Rift Sawn

Answer 21

The most expensive and most wasteful method of lumber manufacturing. In rift sawn lumber, the annular rings are positioned between 30 and 60° to the board face, with 45° being optimum. Because cuts are generally done perpendicular to the log’s annular rings, rift sawn lumber is very dimensionally stable.

Question 22

Rotary Cutting

Answer 22

A veneer cutting technique in which a log is mounted on a lathe and spun against a blade. The result is a “peeled” wood veneer roll that produces wide sheets with broad grain patterns.

Question 23

Veneer Matching

Answer 23

When veneer cuts are sliced, rather than rotary cut, veneer boards are kept in the same order they were cut. This allows the faces of adjacent veneer boards to be arranged to achieve certain aesthetic qualities such as book matching, slip matching, or random matching.

Question 24

Benchmark

Answer 24

A standard point of reference that is fixed in the drawings, as well as in the field. All other building elevations and measurements are based on this point.

Question 25

Orthographic Drawings

Answer 25

These include plans, elevations, and sections; a method that allows a 3-D object to be represented in 2-D.

Question 26

Ground Fault Interrupters (GFI)

Answer 26

A type of outlet that can detect small current leaks and will disconnect the power to the circuit if a leak is detected. This type of power outlet is required in bathrooms, laundry rooms, utility closets, and often in kitchens at distances within 10’ of the sink.