Obesity

Question 1

what is obesity

Answer 1

describes an individual who is very overweight with a lot of body fat.

Question 2

what is BMI and what are the values for waist circumference

Answer 2

It is a way of measuring whether an individual is of a healthy weight for their height. Waist circumference is a better measure. >94 cm (37 inch in men), >80cm (31.5 inch) in women. waist circumference is used on people with BMI of 25-29.9 (overweight) or 30-34.9

Question 3

equation for BMI

Answer 3

weight/height

Question 4

BMI values

Answer 4

underweight- <18.5, normal- 18.5-24.9, overweight- 22-29.9, obese- 30-34.9 (I), 35-39.9 (II), extreme obesity 40+ (III)

Question 5

general causes of obesity

Answer 5

generally eating too much and not moving enough. calorific intake increase- energy value of foot is measured by calories, average man need 2500 and women needs 2000.

Question 6

causes of obesity- poor diet

Answer 6

increased amount of processed or fast food, increased alcohol, increased portion size, increased sugary drink, eating out a lot, comfort eating, poor eating habits come from familiar surroundings- family household poor diet= adult poor diet

Question 7

causes of obesity- decreased physical activity

Answer 7

sedentary job, travel by car rather than walking or cycling

Question 8

causes of obesity- genetics

Answer 8

rare conditions e.g. prader- willi syndrome- don’t have off switch when eating- learning difficulties- need 24 hour care- can’t educate them

Question 9

causes of obesity- medical reasons

Answer 9

certain conditions contribute to weight gain e.g. hypothyroidism, Cushing syndrome, certain medication contribute e.g. steroids, epileptic, diabetic and mental health medication

Question 10

what does obesity reflect

Answer 10

obesity reflects a continued positive energy balance, which is accompanied by unhealthy weight gain, and is linked to physical activity

Question 11

health implications of obesity

Answer 11

skin- more likely to have friction between limbs= sore skin and more folds within skin=fungal infection- ulcers and diabetes- higher risk, OA- more weight gain through the joint= excess pressure, pulmonary problems- get so large that airways block when sleeping- affecting normal levels of oxygen and CO2- detrimental effect on organ

Question 12

other health implications

Answer 12

type 2 diabetes, mood disorders- depression, reproductive disorders, other MSK issues- plantar fasciitis, DVT, CHD, cancer,

Question 13

implications of increased number of obesity patients

Answer 13

increased number of participants with obesity related health complication (CVA, heart disease, orthopaedic), staffing levels- understaffed, mannual handling and staffing levels, bariatric equipment- advances in equipment= increased cost, reaction to treatment may be different

Question 14

role of a physio with obese patient

Answer 14

very varied depending on reason for referral, post bariatric surgery care, safe physical activity, lifestyle advice and education, emerging roles- bariatric physios specially trained to deal with obese