O-R

Question 1

One Child Policy

Answer 1

A Chinese government policy (1979–2015) aimed at controlling population growth by limiting families to one child.

Question 2

Organization of American States (OAS)

Answer 2

A regional organization promoting democracy, economic development, and security in the Americas.

Question 3

Pahlavi Dynasty

Answer 3

The ruling dynasty in Iran from 1925 to 1979, overthrown during the Iranian Revolution.

Question 4

Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO)

Answer 4

An organization representing Palestinian interests, advocating for statehood and opposing Israeli occupation.

Question 5

Pan-Arabism

Answer 5

A political and cultural movement promoting unity among Arab nations against colonial and foreign influence.

Question 6

People’s Republic of China

Answer 6

Communist state established in 1949 under Mao Zedong after the Chinese Civil War.

Question 7

Perestroika

Answer 7

A policy of economic and political restructuring in the Soviet Union initiated by Mikhail Gorbachev in the 1980s.

Question 8

Pol Pot

Answer 8

Leader of Cambodia’s Khmer Rouge, responsible for the Cambodian genocide during his rule (1975–1979).

Question 9

Political Zionism

Answer 9

A movement advocating for the establishment of a Jewish homeland, culminating in the creation of Israel.

Question 10

Prague Spring

Answer 10

A 1968 reform movement in Czechoslovakia seeking liberalization. It was crushed by Soviet military intervention.

Question 11

“Quit India” Movement

Answer 11

A mass civil disobedience campaign in 1942 led by Gandhi, demanding an end to British rule in India.

Question 12

Red Guards

Answer 12

Militant youth groups mobilized by Mao Zedong during the Cultural Revolution to enforce communist ideology.