M and N Flashcards
Mandate System:
A post-WWI arrangement where Allied powers governed former Central Powers’ territories under League of Nations oversight.
Mao Zedong:
Communist revolutionary and founding leader of the People’s Republic of China, ruling from 1949 until his death in 1976.
Maoism:
A form of communism emphasizing rural peasantry, guerrilla warfare, and cultural revolution as key to revolutionary success.
Mau Mau Movement:
A Kenyan uprising (1952–1960) against British colonial rule, driven by demands for land and independence.
Menachem Begin:
Israeli Prime Minister (1977–1983) who signed the Camp David Accords with Egypt, earning the Nobel Peace Prize.
Mikhail Gorbachev:
Last leader of the Soviet Union (1985–1991), known for reform policies like glasnost and perestroika, leading to the USSR’s dissolution.
Mohandas Gandhi:
Leader of India’s independence movement, advocating nonviolent civil disobedience and self-rule against British colonial rule.
Monroe Doctrine:
A U.S. policy (1823) opposing European colonialism in the Americas, asserting influence over the Western Hemisphere.
Muslim League:
A political organization in British India advocating for Muslim interests, leading to the creation of Pakistan in 1947.
Mustafa Kemal (Atatürk):
Founder and first president of modern Turkey, known for his secular and modernizing reforms.
NAFTA:
The North American Free Trade Agreement, a treaty between the U.S., Canada, and Mexico promoting free trade.
National Party:
The ruling party in South Africa during apartheid, enforcing policies of racial segregation and white supremacy.
Nelson Mandela:
Anti-apartheid revolutionary and South Africa’s first black president (1994–1999), symbolizing reconciliation and human rights.
Neocolonialism:
The use of economic, political, or cultural pressures by former colonial powers to influence independent nations.
Ngo Dinh Diem:
First president of South Vietnam (1955–1963), whose autocratic rule and U.S. support led to unrest and his assassination.
