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MRCS med school > Nutritional disorders/Malabsorption > Flashcards

Nutritional disorders/Malabsorption Flashcards

1
Q

Scurvy

A

vit C deficiency

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2
Q

Scurvy sx

A

Fatigue

Poor dental hygiene (gingivitis, loos teeth, bad smell)

Bleeding (gum, joint, nose, etc)

Muscle pain/weakness

Oedema

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3
Q

Rx of scurvy

A

ascorbic acid

Dietary education

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4
Q

Beriberi def

A

Vit B1 deficiency (thiamine)

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5
Q

Beriberi sx

A

Heart failure + oedema (wet)

Neuropathy (dry)

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6
Q

Beriberi rx

A

Thiamine (pabrinex)

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7
Q

Pellagra def

A

lack of nicotinic acid

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8
Q

Pellagra sx

A

triad of

diarrhoea

dermatitis

dementia

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9
Q

Pellagra rx

A

Education,

electrolyte replacement,

nicotinamide PO

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10
Q

Xerophthalmia def

A

Vit A deficiency

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11
Q

Xeropthalmia sx

A

Dry conjuctivae -> oval spots (Bitot’s spots)

Soft, cloudy cornea

Blindness

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12
Q

Xeropthalmia rx

A

give vit A

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13
Q

Rickets/osteomalacia deficiency

A

Vit D

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14
Q

Angular stomatitis/cheilitis deficiency

A

vit B2 (riboflavin)

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15
Q

Causes of malabsorption

A

Coeliac

Chronic pancreatitis

Crohns

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16
Q

Coeliac pathophysiology

A

autoimmune disease in small bowel agaisnt prolamin

17
Q

What contains prolamin

A

Wheat

Barley

Rye

+/- oat

18
Q

Coeliac sx

A

Stinking stool

Diarrhoea

Abdo pain

Nause/vom

etc

19
Q

Bloods of coeliac

A

Low:

Hb

ferritin

B12

20
Q

Antibodies for coeliac

A

alpha gliadin

transglutaminase

anti-endomysial

21
Q

Biopsy findings of coeliac

A

subtotal villous atrophy

increased intra-epithelial WBCS

crypt hyperplasia

22
Q

Coeliac rx

A

life long gluten free diet

23
Q

Chronic pancreatitis sx

A

epigatric pain

relieved by sitting forward or hot water bottles on epigastrium/back

steatorrhoea

24
Q

Causes of chronic pancreatitis

A

Alcohol

CF

Haemochromatosis

Pancreatic duct obstruction (stones/tumour)

Increased PTH

25
Q

Ix of chronic pancreatitis

A

US +/- CT (calcification)

MRCP, ERCP (risk acute attack)

increased glucose

breath tests, eg 13C-hiolien

26
Q

Drug rx of chronic pancreatitis

A

Give analgesia

Lipase, eg Creon®

Fat-soluble vitamins (eg Multivite®)

Diet: No alcohol; low fat, medium-chain triglycerides (MCT oil®)

MRCS med school (44 decks)

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