Nutrition Lipids & Flashcards
Phospholipids are common in sauces and creams. and are emulsifiers. True or False.
True
What are phosphilipids?
Like triglycerides, phospholipids have a glycerol backbone. But unlike triglycerides, phospholipids
only have two fatty acid molecules attached to the glycerol backbone. In place of the third fatty
acid chain, phospholipids have a phosphate group. This unique structure makes one end of
phospholipids water-soluble and the other end fat-soluble.
What are Sterols?
complex
molecules that contain interlinking rings of carbon atoms, with side chains of carbon, hydrogen,
and oxygen attached. Cholesterol is the best-known sterol.
Cholesterol is bad for you and you want as little as possible
False. Cholesterol has some benefits to the body and you want it in moderation but you still need it.
If each available carbon bond holds a hydrogen atom, we call this a
saturated fatty acid
chain.
When one or more bonds between carbon atoms are a double bond (C=C),
that type of fatty acid is called an
unsatured fatty acid
When the hydrogen atoms are
bonded to the same side of the carbon chain, it is called a cis fatty acid. True or False
True.
When the hydrogen atoms
are attached on opposite sides of the carbon chain, what is formed
A trans fatty acid
most trans fatty acids are not found naturally in foods but are a result of a
manufacturing process called partial hydrogenation. True or False
True
partially hydrogenated oils are no longer considered “Generally
Recognized as Safe” or GRAS as a food additive. True or False
True. They have to be fully hydrated now.
The fatty acids the body can
make are called what
non-essential fatty acids.
how long are alpha-
linolenic acid (ALA) and linoleic acid.
18 carbons long
What are Eicosanoids
Eicosanoids are powerful hormones that are involved in the
regulation of many important body functions including clotting, inflammation, and blood
pressure control.
The small droplets of fat surrounded
by bile are called
micelles
The carriers of
triglycerides and cholesterol are called
lipoproteins. Lipoproteins are made of
phospholipids and proteins.
the digested monoglycerides and fatty acids are reassembled into
triglycerides and phospholipids and packaged in the lipoprotein called a
chylomicron
Name the different lipiproteins
very low-density
lipoproteins (VLDL) and high-density lipoproteins (HDL). Low-density lipoproteins (LDL)
What is glycogen?
stored energy
Does muscle weigh more than fat?
No it’s the same but muscle can take up more space
Body composition includes the water, organs, bone, fat, and muscle tissue that make up a
person’s weight. True or False
True
What is the. Percent body fat
the amount of fat in the body compared to other
tissues.
What is subcutaneous fat, which is the layer of fat just beneath the skin
How to calculate BMI
weight divided by height squared. You will likely need to convert it one lb. into 0.45 kilograms. one inch is 0.0254 meters.
When is a BMI not a good indicator for who and what is the alternative?
weight lifters or those have a lot of muscle mass. waist to hip ratio (.80 for women, .90 for men)
What is the hunger hormone?
It’s called grehling. It sends a message to your brain to get you food with high calories now.
