Exam 7 & 8 Flashcards

1
Q

What is white privilege?

A

Privileges we are born with simply from being white. We are talking about whites in the macro level.

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2
Q

Do all white people share in white privilege equally?

A

No, it varies by my many factors including class, and gender

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3
Q

Why do white people not share in white privilege the same?

A

Representation in media, access to beauty products easier, access to bandages available in your skin color, you don’t get the “credit to your race comment”, studying history and it’s more from your racial group than others, not having to think about race a lot when not taking the class

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4
Q

Peggy Macintosh says that white privilege is like having a package of unearned advantages that you are meant to be oblivious to but you can use on a daily basis. True or False

A

True

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5
Q

In the opening story of Riverview High School, the researchers explain that it is not just a good school, but a _______, _______ school.

A

good, diverse

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6
Q

In 1926, a comprehensive study of Indian schools showed that the boarding schools’ budget for feeding children was only ______ per day ($1.41 in today’s currency).

A

11 cents per day

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7
Q

Schools for Mexican American children were designed “Americanize” them. Which of the following was NOT part of the curriculum?

A

math

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8
Q

What is the model minority myth?

A

It is where Asian Americans are held to a very high standard to all be considered good at math, music, and grades

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9
Q

On the 2006 ACT exam, what were the mean composite scores for White vs. African American and Latino students?

A

26 vs 18

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10
Q

Which were identified as a motivating factor for American Indian/Native Americans to stay in college?

A

being a role model to community, having parents proud of them, and giving back to the community after graduation

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11
Q

Who is considered white?

A

Europe, Middle East, or North Africa. People who indicate their race as white (caucasian, irish, etc. ) It is fluid and constantly in flux

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12
Q

What is “white people of color”?

A

Started as Latinos and Latinas especially who identify as white but not everyone else would identify them as white. It’s where it’s a racialized category.

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13
Q

Latino is a racialized category. true or false?

A

true

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14
Q

What is true of children who come from higher income households?

A

They are more likely to earn a college degree, They generally score higher on tests, and they have 7x higher chance of going to college

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15
Q

Which of the following sociological explanations for the achievement gap has been all but debunked?

A

Oppositional culture thesis

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16
Q

How many adults over the age of 25 have a bachelor’s degree?

A

One third

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17
Q

why are Native Americans, Latinos, and African Americans are less likely than whites to have a college degree?

A

They are in a financially precarious

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18
Q

Those of middle eastern and Northern Africa are considered white in census right now? True or False?

A

True, but they have requested to be their own category.

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19
Q

Are latinos likely to be the largest group that would identify as more than one race?

A

No, Someone who is white and black was the largest.

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20
Q

At Riverside High School, what percentage of white students vs. black and Latino students will attend four-year colleges?

A

90%, 60%

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21
Q

Before Brown v. Board of Education in 1954, children who were not white were prevented from attending white schools under the doctrine of ________________?

A

Separate but Equal

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22
Q
  1. Which type of school were Native American children NOT encouraged to attend?
A

Local public schools outside of reservations

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23
Q

What are honorary whites?

A

White people that identify as white or look white but they don’t have the same privilege. (asians, latinos)

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24
Q

Which of the following was NOT a school segregation case?

A

Plessy vs. Ferguson

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25
Q

Mary Tape was the mother of Mamie, the Chinese American child who was forbidden to attend the local white school closest to her home. What did Mary Tape do in response to this discrimination?

A

Wrote a letter

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26
Q

In Mendez v. Westminster, Gonzalo and Felicítas Méndez sued several schools for having separate Mexican schools and not allowing Mexican or Mexican American children attend white schools. How many families joined the lawsuit?

A

5,000

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27
Q

In 1996, California voters passed Proposition 209, which banned the consideration of race in higher education admissions. Admission rates in the University of California system fell dramatically. After the proposition passed, what percentage did admissions of underrepresented students fall at UC Berkley?

A

61%

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28
Q

Which of the following is a recommended strategy to help retain Native American college students?

A

Maintain connections to family and tribal communities incorrect, Address single-parent students and students with family issues, and Provide academic assistance through peer mentoring incorrect

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29
Q

A phrase used to refer to nonwhites who are perceived as behaving in ways associated with white people is:

A

Acting white

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30
Q

What is social whitening

A

a person become whiter as a result of social status or inner marriage

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31
Q

Cultural resources that offer social and other benefits is called:

A

Cultural capitol

32
Q

In the opening story, Kevin Johnson wonders what it must be like to:

A

be unambiguously white

33
Q

W.E.B. DuBois argued that white workers received a psychological _______________ by aligning with the dominant group. They were poor, but at least they were white.

A

wage of whiteness

34
Q

In 2015, a white Stanford student named Brock Allen Turner was found sexually assaulting an unconscious, semi-naked woman behind a dumpster. The jury found him guilty on three felony counts. Instead of getting six years in prison, his white and class privilege, the judge sentenced him to:

A

six months

35
Q

In Explaining White Privilege to a Broke White Person, the author said that the concept of ________________ helped her understand white privilege.

A

intersectionality

36
Q

What is cultural whitening?

A

Is born indian for example but takes on acculturates the more white culture, and so is considered more white because of that.

37
Q

Does a persons skin actually change with social or culture whitening?

A

No

38
Q

Claudine Pied (2019) found that poor and working-class white residents drew on raced and classed ideologies to position themselves as:

A

Hardworking and deserving people

39
Q

Even today non white children still don’t have the same access in education. True or False?

A

True

40
Q

White privilege works differently for working-class and poor whites as it does for wealthier whites.True or False?

A

True

41
Q

It is useful to look at ________ _________, as official classifications that both reflect and reinforce social categories.

A

Census Categories

42
Q

In the 1989 Latino National Political Survey, 32% of respondents with “very dark” skin identified as:

A

White

43
Q

In a study of Lebanese immigrants in Michigan, Lebanese Shi’a Muslims enjoyed the privilege of being white unless they:

A

chose to wear hijab

44
Q

Which of the following categories was NOT included in the first census?

A

Free Blacks

45
Q

Which of the following proves Latino is an ethnicity?

A

All Latinos have Spanish heritage incorrect, all Latinos speak Spanish incorrect, All Latinos are connected through indigenous roots incorrect

46
Q

What is the term for immigrants who adopt the racial identities of their host countries?

A

racialized assimilation

47
Q

Which of the following statements is NOT true?

A

There are benefits to being classified as white, White men’s whiteness is much less likely to be put into question, Whiteness is seen as “normal.” incorrect

48
Q

Who is white has?

A

It has changed over time

49
Q

According to some sociologists, light-skinned Latinos have achieved:

A

honorary whiteness

50
Q

Whiteness is the ___________ in U.S. Society.

A

Unmarked norm

51
Q

Which of the following is NOT a content that exists in the invisible knapsack of white privilege?

A

I can marry whomever I please because whiteness is valued by other racial groups. correct

52
Q

There are privileges that people can be born into, not things you earned, that afford you opportunities that other do not have. Which of the following is NOT one of those privileges?

A

Intelligence

53
Q
  1. Many North Africans, do not view themselves as
A

white

54
Q
  1. Some scholars argue that Latinos are a _____________ and thus are all non-white.
A

racialized other

55
Q

How many Native American children attended in the US government created schools in 1926?

A

70 of the 84,000

56
Q

There are privileges that people can be born into, not things you earned, that afford you opportunities that other do not have. Is intelligence a privilege?

A

No

57
Q

Richard Henry Pratt, first founder of boarding school believed what about native Americans? (Carlisle indian school_

A

they were savage and needed to be saved. Philosophies of “kill the indian, save the man”

58
Q

what were conditions like for Native American schools?

A

Brutal punishment for running away, succumb to disease easier, many died from diseases, they were given new names and had to cut their hair and removed all aspect of their culture. They could not practice their religion either.

59
Q

What percentage of multiracial people identified as both Black and White?

A

20%

60
Q

During slavery, enslaved people were counted as _____ of a person for the purpose of determining congressional representation?

A

3/5ths

61
Q

By what year did the Brookings Institute predict the United States would no longer be a white-majority society?

A

2045

62
Q

Are Latinos a Race or Ethnicity?

A

It’s complicated

63
Q

Are school segregated again?

A

Sometimes yes. Since 1991, its not forced. They don’t have to pay for busing any more.

64
Q

What is affirmative action?

A

a set of procedures that ensure that people are treated without regard to certain characteristics, such as race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. to combat ongoing discrimination. By allowing race an indicator, it was supposed to boost more diversity actually. It’s not always used that way or can discriminate against others.

65
Q

Why are affirmative action policies supposed to meet a quota for a diversity plan?

A

affirmative action programs allow admission committees to use racial diversity on whether to admit a schools and university to admit students who is diverse. They can meet more quotas for diversity at the school, and get more funding.

66
Q

the plaintiffs argue that affirmative action denies equal opportunity to white students. True or False.

A

True

67
Q

with educational inequality today, all court cases shed light on the fact that US education system can approve. True or False?

A

true

68
Q

One inequality for Latinos is the model minority myth. True or False

A

False, this regards Asian Americans

69
Q

How is model minority myth not helpful for Asian Americans?

A

it dismisses any individuality, it pretends that they didn’t experience discrimination and that they have a “perfect” life and erases history.

70
Q

are non-white children put on a college track at the same rate as white children?

A

no. white children are on college tracks and non-white children aren’t as much through placement of classes.

71
Q

Educational inequality continues to exist. True or False?

A

True

72
Q

Sociologist Vincent Resigno and James Ainsworth Darnell and found what ?

A

they found that those in family socioeconomic status could explain about half of the difference between white and non white children.

73
Q

What is the achievement gap?

A

racial outcomes includes parental status, parental education, as well as cultural explanations including the oppositional culture thesis.

74
Q

What is symbolic violence?

A

According to Pierre Berdough makes the dominant group’s norms appear to be superior. Ex: the standard form of English is an indication of intelligence versus working class English is considered ignorance. (dominant groups preferences is right and everyone else’s not better)

75
Q

What is the oppositional culture thesis?

A

This thesis has 2 basic components. African American children don’t do well in school because they have to “Act white”, and they have experienced white spread discrimination and pushed oppositional culture to it.