Nutrition (Humans) Flashcards
1
Q
What is a Balanced diet?
A
- A diet consisting of all the food groups in correct proportions
2
Q
What are the key food groups?
A
- Carbs
- Proteins
- Lipids
- Dietary fibre
- Vitamins
- Mineral ions
- Water
3
Q
What is Malnutrition?
A
- Having an unbalanced diet
- Can cause problems such as starvation, CHD and constipation
4
Q
Function and sources of Carbs
A
- Function: Source of Energy
- Sources: Breads, Cereals, Potatoes
5
Q
Function and sources of Proteins
A
- Function: Growth and Repair
- Sources: Meat, Fish, Eggs, Nuts
6
Q
Function and sources of Lipids
A
- Function: Insulation and Energy Storage
- Source: Butter, Oils, Nuts
7
Q
Function and sources of Fibre
A
- Function: Provides bulk for the intestine to push food through it
- Source: Vegetables, Whole Grains
8
Q
Function and sources of Vitamins
A
- Functions: Needed in small quantities to maintain health
- Sources: Fruit and Veg
9
Q
Function and sources of Minerals
A
- Functions: Needed in small quantities to maintain health
- Sources: Fruit, Veg, Meat, Dairy
10
Q
Function and sources of Water
A
- Function: Needed for chemical reactions in cells
- Sources: Water, Juice, Milk, Fruit, Veg
11
Q
Function and sources of Calcium
A
- Function: Needed for strong teeth and bones
- Sources: Milk, Cheese, Eggs
12
Q
Function and sources of Vitamin D
A
- Function: Helps to absorb calcium
- Sources: Oily fish, dairy, sunlight
13
Q
Function and sources of Vitamin C
A
- Function: Essential part of collagen which makes up hair, skin, gums and bones
- Sources: Citrus fruit, strawberries, Green Veg
14
Q
Function and sources of Vitamin A
A
- Function: Makes pigment in the retina for vision
- Sources: Meat, liver, dairy, spinach, eggs
15
Q
Function and sources of Iron
A
- Function: Needed to make haemoglobin
- Sources: red meat, liver, spinach
16
Q
Which factors can effect dietary needs?
A
- age
- height
- sex
- activity
- pregnancy
- breastfeeding
17
Q
How does age affect dietary requirements?
A
- As children grow they need more energy and protein
- As adults age, they need less energy
18
Q
How does Activity affect dietary requirements?
A
- ↑ activity = ↑ energy required
19
Q
How does Pregnancy affect dietary requirements?
A
- During pregnancy, energy needed increases to support the growth of a foetus
- extra calcium is also needed to help build bones and teeth
20
Q
How does Breastfeeding affect dietary requirements?
A
- Energy and Calcium requirements increase in order to make good milk