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Nutrition And Disease > Nutrition Final > Flashcards

Nutrition Final Flashcards

1
Q

Prions are also known as?

A

TSE (Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies)

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2
Q

What is the normal form of prion called?

A

PrP c (Cellular)

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3
Q

What is the infectious form of prions?

A

PrP sc (scrapie)

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4
Q

PrP sc interacts with PrP c and changes to what?

A

PrP sc

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5
Q

Which prion disease affects sheep?

A

Scrapie

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6
Q

What are the other names for Scrapie?

A

Cuddy trot (Scotland)

Rubbers or the googles (England)

Le treblante or the trembles (France)

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7
Q

Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) aka:

A

Mad cow disease

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8
Q

What causes abnormal motor nerve control an aggressiveness?

A

BSE

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9
Q

Prion disease seen in mule deer, elk, white and black tailed deer

A

CWD (Chronic Wasting Disease)

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10
Q

What sheep breed are more prone to Scrapie?

A

Black face sheep

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11
Q

How is scrapie passed?

A

Ewe to offspring

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12
Q

Disease spread by force feeding infected cadavers, inferior quality meat, and slaughterhouse scraps.

A

BSE

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13
Q

Heating prions to ____ renders them inactive

A

130 degrees C

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14
Q

PrP CWD live in environment for ____ years

A

2 years

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15
Q

How is TME transmitted?

A

eating contaminated feed

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16
Q

How is FSE transmitted?

A

Eating BSE contaminated meat

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17
Q

When prions form together they form large aggregates called _____

A

Amyloid

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18
Q

Where do prions typically kill and damage brain cells?

A

Cerebellum or cerebral hemispheres

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19
Q

How is scrapie diagnosed?

A

clinical signs and biopsy of lymphoid tissues on inside of third eyelid

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20
Q

How is BSE diagnosed?

A

ELISA, immunassay

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21
Q

What is the causitive agent of cat scratch fever?

A

Bacteria bartonella henselae

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22
Q

Higher rates of cat scratch fever are reported when?

A

Autumn and Winter

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23
Q

Children make up for ___% of cat scratch fever infections

A

80%

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24
Q

Where are the highest level of seropositive cats found?

A

southeastern states, california, Hawaii, pacific NW

25
Q

How is cat scratch fever transmitted?

A

Dried infected flea feces via claws of cats

26
Q

Disease that typically causes regional lymphadenopathy in LN’s that drain inoculation site (most common in upper extremities)

A

Cat scratch fever

27
Q

What is the incubation time for cat scratch fever?

A

1-2 weeks

28
Q

Cat scratch fever is usually ___-_____ regional lymphadenopathy

A

Self-limiting

29
Q

How is cat scratch fever diagnosed in humans?

A

culture (takes too long), IFA, ELISA

30
Q

Average bacteria are usually greater than ____ nm

A

200

31
Q

Viruses are usually __-___ nm in size (usually less than ___nm)

A

20-300 nm, usually smaller than 200 nm)

32
Q

Viruses are made up of DNA or RNA while most microorganisms are made up of???

A

Both DNA and RNA

33
Q

What viral stage releases the nucleic acid?

A

Stage 3 - Uncoating

34
Q

What are the 2 possible ways viruses can release from host?

A

Cell lysing

Budding release

35
Q

Viruses need ___ ___ to grow

A

living cells

36
Q

What is the indirect technique for diagnosing viruses?

A

Hemagglutinations

37
Q

What are the three types of influenza?

A

A, B, C

38
Q

Moderate to severe influenza type infecting pigs, birds, horses, seals, dogs and people in winter months.

A

Type A

39
Q

Milder epidemic form of influenza infecting ferrets, seals, pigs, dogs and horses

A

Type B

40
Q

Mild, sporadic respiratory form of influenza infecting pigs, dogs and horses

A

Type C

41
Q

H5NI represents which influenza?

A

Avian

42
Q

H1N1, H1N2, H3N2 represent which influenza?

A

Swine

43
Q

Subtype of equine H2N8?

A

Dog influenza

44
Q

Atypical Fowl Plague AKA:

A

New Castle Disease

45
Q

Causitive agent of New Castle Disease

A

Enveloped single strand RNA

46
Q

Fertile eggs can carry what disease?

A

New Castle Disease

47
Q

Direct contact with bird feces or respiratory discharges can transmit what disease?

A

New Castle Disease

48
Q

Where does most replication occur in New Castle Disease?

A

Cytoplasm

49
Q

Disease with symptoms that include edema on dorsal surface of the rostral 2/3 of the tongue

A

Foot and mouth

50
Q

When are clinical signs of foot and mouth visualized?

A

3-5 days after infection

51
Q

This disease causes high fevers and blisters in the mouth of cattle

A

Foot and mouth

52
Q

Myocarditis is a complication of what disease?

A

Foot and mouth

53
Q

Treatment for foot and mouth?

A

None. Cull herd.

54
Q

Contagious Ecthyma is also known as?

A

“Orf”, sore mouth, scabby mouth, contagious pustular dermatitis, infectious labial dermatitis, contagious pustular stomatitis

55
Q

_____ are more susceptible to Contagious Ecthyma

A

Lambs

56
Q

What species has more severe clinical signs of contagious ecthyma?

A

Goats

57
Q

Parapoxvirus ovis is the causitive agent of what?

A

Contagious Ecthyma

58
Q

Contagious Ecthyma causitive agent is enveloped, ____ strand DNA

A

double

59
Q
A

Nutrition And Disease (7 decks)

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