Canine and Feline Diseases

Question 1

Anemia secondary to neoplasia, infections, drugs or vaccinations

Answer 1

Immune Mediated Hemolytic Anemia

Question 2

Allows for detection and quantitation of red cell surface bound igG and ImM. Found to be 88-100% specific for diagnosing dogs with anti-RBC antibodies

Answer 2

Flow Cytometry

Question 3

Hallmarks of IMHA

Answer 3

spherocytosis, autoagglutination, and a positive Coomb’s test

Question 4

What is the first line of treatment for hemolytic anemia?

Answer 4

Prednisone or prednisolone along with azathioprine

Question 5

What drugs may benefit acute hemolytic crisis?

Answer 5

Cyclosporine or human IV immunoglobin

Question 6

What is a risk for dogs with IMHA?

Answer 6

Pulmonary Thromboembolism

Question 7

What can alleviate a bleeding episode associated with VWD?

Answer 7

Transfusion of cryoprecipitate, fresh plasma, or fresh whole blood.

Question 8

What develops in up to 30% of cats persistently infected with FeLV

Answer 8

Lymphoid or myeloid tumors

Question 9

What is the most frequently diagnosed malignancy of cats?

Answer 9

Lymphoma

Question 10

Virus shed in the saliva, spread through biting.

Answer 10

FIV (Feline Immunodeficiency Virus) “Kitty Aids”

Question 11

The most common hemopoietic neoplasm in dogs

Answer 11

Lymphoma

Question 12

Most common extranodal form of lymphoma

Answer 12

Cutaneous lymphoma

Question 13

What is an effective treatment for sarcoptic mange in young animals?

Answer 13

Lime-sulfur dip, 7 days apart

Question 14

Systemic treatment for sarcoptic mange

Answer 14

Macrocyclic lactones (ie. selamectin)

Question 15

Rare, highly contagious disease of cats and kittens, which can opportunistically infest other animals, including humans

Answer 15

Notoedric Mange

Question 16

These mites are transferred from dam to puppies during nursing within the first 72 hours after birth

Answer 16

Canine Demodicosis

Question 17

The only approved treatment in the US for generalized demodicosis

Answer 17

Whole body Amitraz (.025%) dips applied every 2 weeks

Question 18

Shorter species of demodex with a broad abdomen and found only in stratum corneum

Answer 18

D. gatoi

Question 19

Superficial feline demodex

Answer 19

D gatoi

Question 20

Deep feline demodex

Answer 20

D cati

Question 21

Infection of keratinized tissue by one of the three genera of fungi

Answer 21

Dermatophytosis

Question 22

Most frequently inherited eyelid defect in canines

Answer 22

Entropion

Question 23

Test that can be used to diagnose conjunctivitis (Pink eye)

Answer 23

Schirmer Tear test

Question 24

What are the clinical signs of conjunctivitis?

Answer 24

Hypermia, chemosis, ocular discharge, follicular hyperplasia, and mild ocular discomfort

Question 25

In cats, herpesvirus-I (FHVI), mycoplasma, or chlamydophila psittaci may produce what?

Answer 25

Conjunctivitis

Question 26

Herpesvirus may produce conjuctivis in what species?

Answer 26

Cats, cattle, horses, and pigs

Question 27

What medication is indicated for chlamydial and mycoplasmal infections?

Answer 27

Topical tetracycline

Question 28

What medications are indicated for herpesvirus infections when both the cornea and the conjunctiva are involved?

Answer 28

Topical antiviral preparations

Question 29

Hypertrophy and prolapse of the gland of the nictitating membrane

Answer 29

Cherry Eye

Question 30

Complete excision of cherry eye may predispose to _______ in 30-40% of dogs in later life.

Answer 30

keratoconjunctivitis

Question 31

Generally related to reduced outflow of aqueous humor.

Answer 31

Glaucoma

Question 32

Represent a group of diseases characterized by increased intraocular pressure with resultant retinal and optic disk destruction

Answer 32

Glaucomas

Question 33

In what species are glaucomas predominantly secondary to anterior uveitis and neoplasms

Answer 33

Cats

Question 34

What glaucoma occurs in the Siamese breed

Answer 34

Primary open-angle

Question 35

Tonometry and opthalmoscopy are diagnostic procedures associated with what?

Answer 35

Glaucoma

Question 36

What medications can help heal corneal ulcerations?

Answer 36

Antibiotics, antiproteinase, and mydriatic therapy

Question 37

Heart failure that occurs when normal ventricular filling is accompanied by a decrease in forward stroke volume reflecting an inherent decrease in myocardial contractility

Answer 37

Systolic cardiac Failure

Question 38

Heart failure that occurs when elevated ventricular filling pressures accompany normal or compensated systolic function

Answer 38

Diastolic failure

Question 39

Heart failure that may result in signs of decreased cardiac output such as weakness, hypotension, and compromised organ perfusion

Answer 39

Systolic Failure

Question 40

Act rapidly to correct any decreases in blood flow or pressure. These mechanisms provide short term benefit to metabolically active cells but longterm injury to the cardiovascular and ultimately systemic body systems when chronically activated.

Answer 40

Compensatory Mechanisms

Question 41

In right sided heart failure, dogs are more likely to develop \_\_\_\_\_\_\_, while _______ and ______ \_\_\_\_\_\_ are more common in cats

Answer 41

Ascites in dogs pleural and pericardial effusions in cats

Question 42

Single most effective agents available to decrease circulating blood volume and reduce signs of congestion.

Answer 42

Loop diuretics (Furosemide)

Question 43

Exert a positive effect in CHF through reduction of preload or afterload

Answer 43

Vasodilators

Question 44

Supplementation indicated in animals with documented deficiency and DCM

Answer 44

Taurine

Question 45

Plays an important role in fatty acid metabolism and energy production, documented in a family of boxers and has been supplemented in other breeds with DCM

Answer 45

I-Carnitine

Question 46

Decreases arterial oxygenation

Answer 46

Pleural effusion

Question 47

Most effective treatment in animals with significant volumes of effusion and respiratory distress

Answer 47

Thoracocentesis

Question 48

Ineffective at resolving large volumes of pleural effusion acutely

Answer 48

Diuretic therapy

Question 49

May be performed every 2-4 weeks to improve patient comfort and quality of life

Answer 49

Abdominocentesis

Question 50

Common congenital cardiac defect in cats

Answer 50

Mitral valve dysplasia

Question 51

A holosystolic murmur of mitral regurgitation is prominent at the _____ cardiac apex

Answer 51

Left

Question 52

Disease characterized by the progressive loss of cardiac contractility of unknown cause

Answer 52

DCM

Question 53

Cardiomyopathy also known as Boxer cardiomyopathy

Answer 53

Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy (ARVC)

Question 54

Common cardiomyopathy of cats

Answer 54

Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

Question 55

Cardiomyopathy with severe wall thickening coupled with increased fibrosis

Answer 55

HCM

Question 56

This disease is seen in cats from 3mo-17 yrs old although most cats are middleaged at the time of presentation. It is not present at birth.

Answer 56

HCM

Question 57

Less common form of cardiomyopathy in cats that is characterized by a relatively normal appearing left ventricle with left arterial enlargement

Answer 57

Restrictive/Unclassified Cardiomyopathy