Nutrition And Respiratory System Flashcards
Proteins
Body’s maintenance, growth, repair
Carbohydrates
Starches and sugars. Primary source of energy
Fats
Saturated raise bad cholesterol. Monosaturated and polyunsaturated lower bad cholesterol
Fiber
Bulk to help large intestine carry waste matter
Water
Body loses up to 4 pints water per day. Insufficient water causes dehydration, muscle cramps, dizziness, death
Iron
Allows red blood cells to transfer oxygen to body tissues. Meat, beans, whole grains
Calcium
Bone growth and muscle function. Dairy products, spinach
Magnesium
Bone development, muscle and nerve function, enzyme function. Nuts, whole grain, greens
Potassium
Balances fluid levels. Bananas, sweet potatoes, nuts and seeds
Vitamin A
Vision, immune system, cell growth. Liver, milk, eggs, carrots, spinach
Vitamin C
Collagen formation, immune system, antioxidants. Peppers, citrus, broccoli
Vitamin D
Bone strength, muscle and nerve function, immune system. Fortified milk, juice, sunlight
Arthopods vs vertebrate
Exoskeletons, endoskeletons
Tendons
Tough fibrous cords of connective tissue, connects muscle to skeleton
Ligaments
Connective tissues, connects bones to joints
Respiration
Blood cells absorb oxygen and eliminate carbon dioxide and water vapor
Nasal activity
Filters, moistens, warms air
Pharynx
Further filters air and aids in infection protection
Epiglottis
Closes when swallowing to keep food from airway
Left and right bronchi
Trachea branches into these tubes that lead to lungs
Trachea
Further cleanses air
Bronchioles
Smaller tubes ending in the alveolus sac
Alveolus
Oxygen enters into the blood stream via capillaries (blood vessels)
Diaphragm
System of muscles that allow breathing
