Circulatory System And Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

Circulatory system

A

Transports oxygen throughout the body while removing CO2. Transports nutrients provided by digestive system and clears away waste by transporting it to excretory system

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2
Q

Heart

A

4 chamber pump. 2 collecting chambers called atria. 2 pumping chambers called ventricles

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3
Q

Right Atrium

A

Deoxygenated. Receives deoxygenated blood from venae cavae, two largest veins in body

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4
Q

Right ventricle

A

Deoxygenated. Pumps blood to pulmonary artery where it picks up oxygen throughly pulmonary vein and goes to left atrium

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5
Q

Left Atrium

A

Oxygenated.

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6
Q

Left ventricle

A

Oxygenated. Pumps blood to body’s largest artery the aorta into smaller branching arteries

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7
Q

Arteries

A

Carry blood from the heart to the tissues of the body. Thick walled, carry oxygenated blood at high pressure

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8
Q

Veins

A

Carry blood back to heart from rest of body. Thin walled, low pressure, deoxygenated

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9
Q

Capillaries

A

Thin walled vessels, permit exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between cells through diffusion.

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10
Q

Hypertension

A

High blood pressure, can cause damage to blood vessels and other body parts like kidneys. Avoided by limiting salt intake, maintaining weight

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11
Q

Blood

A

Cells suspended in plasma. Made up of red blood cells which carry oxygen, white blood cells which fight infection, and platelets which are cell fragments that allow blood to clot. All created in blood marrow

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12
Q

Blood types

A

A, B, AB, O, + or -. Letter is determined by types of molecules found outside the red blood cells.

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13
Q

Rh factor

A

Positive or negative. Negative can’t receive positive, positive can receive negative

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14
Q

Type O

A

Universal donor, can be given to anyone

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15
Q

Type AB

A

Universal recipient, can receive any other type

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16
Q

Salivary amylase

A

Enzyme in saliva to break down starch

17
Q

Esophagus

A

Contracts to push food into stomach

18
Q

Stomach

A

Gastric acid and pepsin break down protein

19
Q

Small intestine

A

Most digestion takes place here. 23 feet long on average

20
Q

Pancreas

A

Contains lipase which converts glycerol to fatty acids

21
Q

Large intestine

A

AKA colon, water and minerals remaining in waste matter get absorbed back into body

22
Q

Kidneys

A

Filters out chemical waste such as excess salts, minerals, and water into urine. Liquid waste to bladder out urethra, solid waste to rectum out anus

23
Q

Central nervous system

A

Brain and spinal cord

24
Q

Peripheral nervous system

A

Contains other neurons throughout body

25
Q

Cerebrum

A

Major part of brain, center of intelligence

26
Q

Cerebellum

A

Balance, movement, muscle coordination

27
Q

Medulla

A

Part of brain stem, connects brain and spinal cord. Controls involuntary actions

28
Q

Spinal cord

A

Connect brain and major nerve network. Carries impulses between organs and brain, and simple reflexes

29
Q

Somatic nervous system

A

Part of peripheral N.S. To control voluntary actions

30
Q

Autonomic nervous system

A

Involuntary activity in heart, stomach, intestines

31
Q

Endometrial lining

A

Lining of the uterus

32
Q

Prolactin

A

Hormone that activates lactation