Genetics And Ecology

Question 1

Pathogens

Answer 1

Disease causing agents such as bacteria and viruses

Question 2

Bacteria

Answer 2

Single celled organisms responsible for things such as strep throat, staph infection, pneumonia. Treated with antibodies

Question 3

Viruses

Answer 3

Replicate in the host’s cells. Common cold, flu, AIDS, herpes. Can’t be treated with antibodies

Question 4

Gametes

Answer 4

Reproductive cells. Haploids, half as many cells as normal cells (diploids).

Question 5

Meiosis

Answer 5

Gametes are created

Question 6

DNA

Answer 6

Genetic code, combination of nucleotides. Shape of double helix

Question 7

Gene

Answer 7

Unit of inheritance contained within an individual’s DNA

Question 8

Alleles

Answer 8

Varieties of genes, two in each gene from each parents. Same are homozygous, different are heterozygous

Question 9

Genotype

Answer 9

Genetic makeup including dominant and recessive genes

Question 10

Phenotype

Answer 10

How genes are expressed in physical characteristics

Question 11

Prokaryotic

Answer 11

No nucleus

Question 12

Nucleus

Answer 12

Contains genetic material of cell

Question 13

Cytoplasm

Answer 13

Outside nucleus, surrounds other cell structures

Question 14

Ribosomes

Answer 14

Produce proteins

Question 15

Endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 15

Synthesis of proteins and fats

Question 16

Golgi apparatus

Answer 16

Packages proteins for use

Question 17

Lysosomes

Answer 17

Manages cell waste

Question 18

Centrosomes

Answer 18

Guide cell’s reproduction

Question 19

Cellular respiration

Answer 19

Mitochondria processes sugar and oxygen to make energy, water, and carbon dioxide

Question 20

Chromosomes

Answer 20

Tightly coiled threads of DNA

Question 21

Biosphere

Answer 21

Zone of earth where life naturally occurs, deep crust to lower atmosphere

Question 22

Biome

Answer 22

Major life zone of interrelated species bound together by similar climate, vegetation, and animal life

Question 23

Producers

Answer 23

Autotrophs, make food via photosynthesis

Question 24

De composers

Answer 24

Saprotrophs, break down organic matter and release minerals

Question 25

Consumers

Answer 25

Heterotrophs, consume other organisms divided into: primary (herbivores), secondary and tertiary (omnivores and carnivores)

Question 26

Classification of living things

Answer 26

Domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species

Question 27

3 domains

Answer 27

Eukaryota - living things with nucleus

Bacteria and archaea - single celled organisms without nucleus

Question 28

Monera

Answer 28

Bacteria. Prokaryotic cells, most primitive

Question 29

Protista

Answer 29

Simplest eukaryotes

Question 30

Fungi

Answer 30

Decomposers