Automotive 1

Question 1

Engine block

Answer 1

Frame work for engine cylinders and reciprocating assembly

Question 2

Piston rings

Answer 2

seals Pistons to the cylinder and prevents combustion gases from leaking past. Oil rings prevent oil from the crankcase from getting into the combustion chamber

Question 3

Crankshaft

Answer 3

Converts linear motion of pistons to rotary motion

Question 4

Cylinder head

Answer 4

Houses combustion chamber, intake and exhaust valves, and intake and exhaust ports

Question 5

Intake valve

Answer 5

Allows air fuel mixture to be drawn into the combustion chamber, when closed seals combustion from intake port

Question 6

Exhaust valve

Answer 6

Allows waste gases to be removed from combustion chamber, when closed seals exhaust port

Question 7

Camshaft

Answer 7

Responsible for opening and closing of engines intake and exhaust valves, turns at 1/2 speed of engines crankshaft

Question 8

Inline cylinder arrangement

Answer 8

Simplest arrangement, all cylinders line up in a row, practical for four and six cylinder engines

Question 9

Horizontally opposed/flat cylinder arrangement

Answer 9

All cylinders lying in a horizontal plane with half facing away from the other half with crankshaft in between

Question 10

Overhead valve (OHV) camshaft location

Answer 10

Located in engine block and intake and exhaust valves located in cylinder head. Valves above piston and combustion chamber

Question 11

Overhead cam (OHC) camshaft location

Answer 11

Camshaft above valves, valve operating becomes simpler and lighter

Question 12

Firing order

Answer 12

Common 1-3-4-2

C-8 engine 1-8-4-3-6-5-7-2

Question 13

Diesel engine

Answer 13

Or compression ignition engine. Much simpler and reliable as hey don’t have spark ignition system. Use high compression ratio to generate sufficient heat of compression to ignite

Question 14

Stoichiometric ratio

Answer 14

Ideal ratio of air to fuel, responsibility of the engines fuel system to maintain that balance

Question 15

Lean vs rich air-fuel ratio

Answer 15

Lean is too much air and not enough fuel, burns relatively slowly. Rich is too much fuel and not enough air, burns quicker

Question 16

Before top dead center (BTDC)

Answer 16

Ignition 5 degrees BTDC means the spark took place when the crankshaft was 5 degrees rotation BTDC

Question 17

Detonation

Answer 17

When air-fuel mixture explodes rather than burns, can happen when air-fuel mixture is lean

Question 18

Air-cooling

Answer 18

Air is circulated over cooling fins outside the engine to remove excess heat

Question 19

Water cooling

Answer 19

Uses liquid coolant to pick up excess heat then rejects heat through radiator

Question 20

Water jacket

Answer 20

Hollow sections of the engine block and cylinder head that allow coolant to be transferred through them

Question 21

Thermostat

Answer 21

Controls engine temperature by allowing coolant to flow into the radiator when coolant temp rises above a certain level

Question 22

Bypass tube

Answer 22

Allows coolant to flow back into the water pump from the cylinder head when the thermostat is closed

Question 23

Radiator hoses

Answer 23

Flexible hoses that allow hot coolant to flow between the engine and the vehicle’s radiator

Question 24

Radiator

Answer 24

Responsible for transferring heat from the coolant to the outside air

Question 25

Radiator cap

Answer 25

Maintains pressure in the system

Question 26

Engine oil

Answer 26

Major component in lubrication system. Made up of base oil and additive package. Viscosity is important, SAE 5 is low SAE 50 is high

Question 27

Oil pan

Answer 27

Forms reservoir for oil at the bottom of the engine

Question 28

Oil pickup tube and screen

Answer 28

Immersed in engine oil, filters out large solids and directs oil into the oil pump

Question 29

Oil pump

Answer 29

Pumps oil through oil galleries, driven by camshaft

Question 30

Oil galleries

Answer 30

Passages/”drillings” in engine assembly that transports oil to critical components

Question 31

Dry sump

Answer 31

Complex, typically only in race vehicles

Question 32

Wet sump

Answer 32

Engines oil reserve is located at the bottom of the engine in the oil pan