Nutrition And Metabolism Flashcards
This is a substance/molecule within food that her body uses to allow for growth, maintenance, repair over body cells and production of molecules in our body
Nutrition
Dreams are divided into what six categories?
Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, vitamins and minerals, water
What organ has the capability of converting one type of molecule into another?
The liver and other organs
there are about how many molecules that are body cannot produce fast enough and musket through our diet?
50
These are also referred to as sugars
Carbohydrates
Majority of carbs that we consume are from what?
Plants
What are the three classifications of carbohydrates?
What are there main function?
Monosaccharide
Disaccharide
Polysaccharide
To be used for energy production
Simple carbohydrates are composed of what classification of carbs and what type of foods are some examples?
Monosaccharide or disaccharide
Candy, soda, fruit
What classification of carbohydrates are complex carbohydrates made of?
Some food examples?
Polysaccharides
Bread, cereal, pasta, rice
What is digested and absorbed faster in the body simple or complex carbohydrates?
Simple is digested faster than complex
Lipids are fats come from what source?
Meat, eggs, dairy products and from plant sources, corn, chocolate, soy, olive oil, coconut
What is the main form of fat in our body
Triglycerides
Triglycerides can be divided into what three different types?
Saturated fat
Unsaturated fat
Cholesterol
What are the multiple uses for lipids?
Energy storage Production of hormones Fat provides protection of the body Absorption of vitamins Found on myelin sheath on axons of neurons
Proteins are composed of how many different amino acids? And how many of them are essential in our body that cannot be made by our body?
20
9 are essential
What type of food has all 20 amino acids?
Animal-based protein such as meat
What produces proteins in the body?
Ribrosomes that read the mRNA
What do proteins do for the body?
Provide structural support such as elastic fibers and collagen
Allow for chemical reactions to occur
Function of hormones and receptors
These are components that are needed to sustain life, provide growth and maintain overall good health
Vitamins
What vitamins are water-soluble?
Vitamins need fat to be absorbed?
Water - B vitamins and vitamin C
Fat- vitamin E, D, A, K
How many minerals does the body need? What are they?
Seven minerals
Calcium, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur, sodium, chloride, magnesium
Minerals can make up about what percent of the body’s weight?
5%
Minerals are not used for energy that are used for what other functions in the body?
Calcium -
Iron -
Calcium for bone tissue
Iron is for heme (hemoglobin) function
This is referred to all the chemical reactions that occur in the body
Metabolism
This is the catabolic reactions in the cells used to make ATP/energy molecules
Cellular respiration
The body prefers to use what as its primary energy source for metabolism?
Glucose but can use carbs, lipids and proteins
This is the main pathway that the body produces energy
Catabolic breakdown of glucose
This is the breakdown of glucose with oxygen
What it the result?
Aerobic respiration
36 energy molecules are the result
This is the breakdown of glucose without oxygen what is the net result?
This is not sufficient to sustain life
Anaerobic respiration
2 Energy/ATP molecules
