Nutrition And Metabolism Flashcards

1
Q

This is a substance/molecule within food that her body uses to allow for growth, maintenance, repair over body cells and production of molecules in our body

A

Nutrition

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2
Q

Dreams are divided into what six categories?

A

Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, vitamins and minerals, water

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3
Q

What organ has the capability of converting one type of molecule into another?

A

The liver and other organs

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4
Q

there are about how many molecules that are body cannot produce fast enough and musket through our diet?

A

50

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5
Q

These are also referred to as sugars

A

Carbohydrates

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6
Q

Majority of carbs that we consume are from what?

A

Plants

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7
Q

What are the three classifications of carbohydrates?

What are there main function?

A

Monosaccharide
Disaccharide
Polysaccharide

To be used for energy production

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8
Q

Simple carbohydrates are composed of what classification of carbs and what type of foods are some examples?

A

Monosaccharide or disaccharide

Candy, soda, fruit

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9
Q

What classification of carbohydrates are complex carbohydrates made of?

Some food examples?

A

Polysaccharides

Bread, cereal, pasta, rice

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10
Q

What is digested and absorbed faster in the body simple or complex carbohydrates?

A

Simple is digested faster than complex

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11
Q

Lipids are fats come from what source?

A

Meat, eggs, dairy products and from plant sources, corn, chocolate, soy, olive oil, coconut

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12
Q

What is the main form of fat in our body

A

Triglycerides

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13
Q

Triglycerides can be divided into what three different types?

A

Saturated fat
Unsaturated fat
Cholesterol

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14
Q

What are the multiple uses for lipids?

A
Energy storage
Production of hormones
Fat provides protection of the body
Absorption of vitamins
Found on myelin sheath on axons of neurons
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15
Q

Proteins are composed of how many different amino acids? And how many of them are essential in our body that cannot be made by our body?

A

20

9 are essential

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16
Q

What type of food has all 20 amino acids?

A

Animal-based protein such as meat

17
Q

What produces proteins in the body?

A

Ribrosomes that read the mRNA

18
Q

What do proteins do for the body?

A

Provide structural support such as elastic fibers and collagen

Allow for chemical reactions to occur

Function of hormones and receptors

19
Q

These are components that are needed to sustain life, provide growth and maintain overall good health

20
Q

What vitamins are water-soluble?

Vitamins need fat to be absorbed?

A

Water - B vitamins and vitamin C

Fat- vitamin E, D, A, K

21
Q

How many minerals does the body need? What are they?

A

Seven minerals

Calcium, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur, sodium, chloride, magnesium

22
Q

Minerals can make up about what percent of the body’s weight?

23
Q

Minerals are not used for energy that are used for what other functions in the body?

Calcium -
Iron -

A

Calcium for bone tissue

Iron is for heme (hemoglobin) function

24
Q

This is referred to all the chemical reactions that occur in the body

A

Metabolism

25
This is the catabolic reactions in the cells used to make ATP/energy molecules
Cellular respiration
26
The body prefers to use what as its primary energy source for metabolism?
Glucose but can use carbs, lipids and proteins
27
This is the main pathway that the body produces energy
Catabolic breakdown of glucose
28
This is the breakdown of glucose with oxygen What it the result?
Aerobic respiration 36 energy molecules are the result
29
This is the breakdown of glucose without oxygen what is the net result? This is not sufficient to sustain life
Anaerobic respiration 2 Energy/ATP molecules