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Function And Structure > Digestive Organs > Flashcards

Digestive Organs Flashcards

1
Q

What does the oral cavity/buccal cavity contain?

A

Mouth, lips and cheeks, palate , Tongue, salivary gland’s, teeth

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2
Q

Where is the lingual frenulum located in the mouth?

A

The floor of the mouth under the tongue

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3
Q

I muscular tube that is about 10 inches in link that connects the mouth/pharynx to the stomach

A

Esophagus

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4
Q

This helps prevent backflow of stomach acid into Esophagus

A

Lower Esophageal sphincter

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5
Q

This is a muscular sac that stores and primarily digest food

A

Stomach

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6
Q

Food is broken down into a substance called what

A

Chyme

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7
Q

The stomach is composed of what for layers?

A

Cardia
Fundus
Body
Pylorus

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8
Q

What does the crisscross pattern on the inside of the stomach do for food?

A

It allows the stomach to contract and grind as it processes food

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9
Q

This helps the stomach expand when the stomach is full

A

Rugae

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10
Q

How big is an adult empty stomach and how big is it after eating?

A

Empty stomach – 50 mL

Full stomach -1.5 mL

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11
Q

The gastric glands of the stomach produce gastric juices that are composed of what for different types of cells?

A

Mucous neck cells
Parietal cells
Chief cells
Enterinendocrine cells

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12
Q

These cells secrete mucus which protects the stomach lining and keeps stomach from digesting itself

A

Mucous cells

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13
Q

These cells secrete hydrochloric acid and absorbs vitamin B 12 it also helps kill microbes and swallowed food

A

Parietal cells

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14
Q

These cells secrete digestive enzymes such as Pepsinogen

A

Chief cells

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15
Q

These cells secrete a hormone that increases appetite and helps digestive function

A

Enterinendocrine cells

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16
Q

The gastric juices of the stomach is controlled by what?

A

Hormones, nerves

Stimuli in the brain, stomach and small intestine

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17
Q

The gastric secretion of the stomach consists of what three phases?

A

Cephalic phase
Gastric phase
Intestinal phase

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18
Q

What are the accessory organs?

A

Liver gallbladder and pancreas

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19
Q

The liver is how many pounds?

A

3 to 4 pounds

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20
Q

What is the role of the liver within the body?

A

Detoxification of the blood, intake of protein, creation of hormones and molecules

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21
Q

This produces bile

A

Liver

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22
Q

What stores bile?

A

Gallbladder

23
Q

What is bile?

A

It is a yellowish green fluid that contains salt and cholesterol

24
Q

What is the function of bile?

A

Make into lipids/fats

25
Q

This delivers oxygenated Blood from the aorta to the liver

A

Hepatic artery

26
Q

Carries oxygen blood from the digestive organs and spleen to the liver

A

Portal vein

27
Q

This organ secretes insulin/Glucagon

A

Pancreas

28
Q

The Pancrease creates and secretes what pancreatic juices?

A

Water
Digestive enzymes
Electrolytes - bicarbonate ions

29
Q

This pancreatic juice assist in chemical digestion in the small intestine

A

Digestive enzymes

30
Q

Three types of digestive enzymes?

A

Amylase
Lipases
Pro teases

31
Q

Bicarbonate ions do what?

A

Help neutralize the pH of the chyme

32
Q

These cells secrete digestive enzymes

The enzymes help break down lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates

A

Acinar cells

33
Q

Epithelial cells and pancreatic ducts secrete what?

A

Secrete sodium bicarbonate

34
Q

What does bile reach the gallbladder?

A

Through a series of ducts (right and left hepatic ducts)

35
Q

Bile then goes down the common hepatic duct and that gen down the common bile duct then backs up into the what?

A

Cystic duct and then Into the gallbladder

36
Q

This controls the flow of bile and pancreatic juices into the duodenum

A

Hepatopancreatic sphincter

37
Q

WHat is the duodenum ?

What enters it?

A

The first 10inches of the small Intestine

Bile and pancreatic juices enter here

38
Q

Allows for completion of chemical digestion and most all nutrient absorption

A

Small Intestine

39
Q

Small Intestine consists of how many layers ?

A

4

40
Q

About 8 ft in length

Suspended by the mesentery

A

Jejunum

41
Q

1to 4 ft in length

Joins the large intestine

A

Ileum

42
Q

What are three features in the small intestine to increase the mucosal surface area

A

Circular folds -folds of mucosa
Villi -finger like extensions
Microvilli -on the villi

43
Q

Intestinal lining contains these

It slows the progress of chime and increases its contact with the mucosa

A

Circular folds

44
Q

Pores at the basis of the villi contain goblet cells that secrete mucus that helps the passage of food

A

Intestinal Crypts

45
Q

This is around the small intestine

It absorbs remaining water with in the indigestible materials

Stores indigestible food for a brief time

Illuminates indigestible food as feces

A

Large intestine

46
Q

How many feet is the large intestine in length?

A

5ft

47
Q

This passes below the liver, stomach, and spleen

A

Transverse colon

48
Q

The large intestine begins in the blind pouch called what?

A

Cecum

49
Q

This part of the colon extends up toward the liver

A

Ascending colon

50
Q

This part of the colon extends down Ward along the left side of the abdominal cavity

A

Descending colon

51
Q

As part of the colon forms an S shape down the rectum

A

Sigmoid colon

52
Q

This is the last 7 to 8 inches of the intestine

A

Rectum

53
Q

This makes up the last inch of the rectum it opens up through the anus

A

Anal cavity

Function And Structure (7 decks)

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