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Biochem > Nutrition > Flashcards

Nutrition Flashcards

1
Q

Estimated energy requirement in sedentary activity

A

30cal/kg/day

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2
Q

Estimated energy requirement in moderately active activity

A

35 cal/kg/day

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3
Q

Estimated energy requirement in very active activity

A

40cal/ kg/ day

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4
Q

Protein deprivation is greater
Onset more than 1 year old
Edema
Stunted growth

A

Kwashiorkor

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5
Q

Calorie deprivation
Onset less than 1 year
No edema
Extreme muscle wasting

A

Marasmus

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6
Q

Leading cause of preventable blindness

A

Vitamin A deficiency

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7
Q

11- cis retinal is a component of this visual pigment

A

Rhodopsin

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8
Q

1st sign of vitamin A deficiency

A

Loss of sensitivity to green light

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9
Q

This type of vitamin D is formed in the skin when exposed to sunlight

A

Vitamin D3 cholecalciferol

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10
Q

Active form of vitamin D

A

Calcitriol

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11
Q

Least toxic of fat soluble vitamins

A

Vitamin E

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12
Q

Form of Vitamin K from green vegetables

A

Phylloquinone

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13
Q

Form of Vitamin K from intestinal bacteria

A

Menaquinone

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14
Q

Form of Vitamin K from synthetic compounds

A

Menadione

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15
Q

Wernicke Korsakoff syndrome in alcohols may be due to deficiency in this vitamin

A

Thiamine

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16
Q

Thiamine is a coenzyme for these type of enzymes

A

Transketolase

Dehydrogenase

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17
Q

Beriberi- paralysis, seizures, tachycardia, dry skin, irritability is due to deficient

A

Vitamin B1

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18
Q

This vitamin is an electron carrier in redox reactions

A

Riboflavin

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19
Q

This vitamin may be synthesized from tryptophan

A

Niacin

20
Q

This vitamin is a source of ADP ribose for DNA repair

A

Niacin

21
Q

This vitamin inhibits lipolysis for treatment of hyperlipidemia

A

Niacin

22
Q

Symptoms of pellagra

A

Dermatitis
Dementia
Diarrhea

23
Q

Burning foot syndrome (peripheral nerve damage) can be caused by deficiency of

A

Pantothenic acid (B5)

24
Q 
Coenzyme for:
Amino acid transamination
Decarboxylation of glutamate and histidine
ALA synthase
Glycogen phosphorylase 
Niacin from tryptophan
A

B6 pyridoxine

25
Q

Vitamin deficiency that Can result from isoniazid toxicity

A

B6

26
Q

Coenzyme for methionine synthase and methylmalonyl CoA mutase

A

B12

27
Q

This vitamin deficiency can cause subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord

A

B12

28
Q

B12 deficiency spinal cord degeneration involves what pathways

A

Dorsal column

Corticospinal

29
Q

Carboxylase enzymes requires what coenzyme?

A

Biotin

30
Q

Schilling test can detect deficiency in what vitamin

A

B12

31
Q

How much iron is present in the body?

A

3-4g

32
Q

Storage form of iron

A

Ferritin

33
Q

Partially denatured form of ferritin that predominates when tissue stores ae high

A

Hemosiderin

34
Q

Transport protein of iron

A

Transferrin

35
Q

Most common micronutrient deficiency worldwide

A

Iron deficiency anemia

36
Q

Iron overload syndrome with progressive hemosiderosis and organ damage

Seen in older men

A

Hemochromatosis

37
Q

Treatment of hemochromatosis

A

Phlebotomy

38
Q

Most abundant trace mineral in the body after iron

A

Zinc

39
Q

Total body stores of zinc

A

1.5-2.5g

40
Q

Deficiency of this mineral leads to dermatitis, poor wound healing, hair loss, neuropsychiatric symptoms, decreased taste acuity, poor growth

A

Zinc deficiency

41
Q

Rare excessive inherited disease with dermatitis, diarrhea and alopecia due to impaired absorption of zinc

A

Acrodermatitis enteropathica

42
Q

Major cofactor of enzymes that use moelcular oxygen or oxygen derivatives as substrate

A

Copper

43
Q

Copper stores in the body

A

80 to 110mg

44
Q

Mineral deficiency seen in patients receiving TPN

A

Copper deficiency

45
Q

X linked recessive disorder due to deficient copper transport

Growth retardation, mental deficiency, seizure, aneurysm, bone demineralization, brittle hair

A

Menkes syndrome

46
Q

Hepatolenticular degeneration
Biliary excretion of copper is blocked
Kayser-Fleisher rings
Treated with D-penicillamine

A

Wilson disease

47
Q

Low selenium content causing cardiomyopathy

Endemic parts of China

A

Keshan disease

Biochem (7 decks)

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