Nutrition

Question 1

The process by which the body takes in and uses food.

Answer 1

Nutrition

Question 2

Chemical process by which your body breaks down food to release energy

Answer 2

Metabolism

Question 3

Units of heat that measure the energy used by the body and the energy that foods supply to the body *(1,600 to 2,200 women, 2,000 to 2,800 men) - adult

Answer 3

Calories

Question 4

substances in food that your body needs to grow, to repair itself, and to supply you with energy

Answer 4

Nutrients

Question 5

a natural physical drive that protects you from starvation (need to eat)

Answer 5

Hunger

Question 6

is a desire, rather than a need, to eat

Answer 6

Appetite

Question 7

What influences your food choices and eating habits

Answer 7

Taste
Emotions – eat more when stressed, frustrated, depressed, or bored
Environmental factors: such as family, friends, and peers
Cultural/Ethnic background
Convenience and Cost
Advertising

Question 8

starches and sugars present in foods

Answer 8

Carbohydrates

Question 9

Function of Carbohydrates

Answer 9

Body’s preferred source of energy!

Question 10

What are the two types of Carbohydrates

Answer 10

Simple – sugars – (fructose, lactose, sucrose)
Complex – Starches (Whole grains, nuts, legumes, potatoes, etc)

Question 11

Which type of Carbohydrate uses more energy?

Answer 11

Body must break down complex carbs into simple to use energy!

Question 12

Body converts all carbs to

Answer 12

glucose

Question 13

Unused glucose, stored in liver and muscles is called what?

Answer 13

glycogen

Question 14

Too much glycogen turns into what?

Answer 14

Excess fat!

Question 15

Indigestible complex carb – (tough, stingy parts of fruits and veggies and whole grains)

Answer 15

Fiber

Question 16

Whats the function of Fiber?

Answer 16

helps move waste through digestive system

Question 17

Worst Carbohydrates?

Answer 17

Refined/processed: Baked goods, white bread and white pastas

Question 18

Nutrients that help build and maintain body cells and tissues (muscle)

Answer 18

Proteins

Question 19

Proteins are made up of what?

Answer 19

Amino Acids

Question 20

How many nonessential Amino Acids?

Answer 20

11 produced by the body

Question 21

How many “essential” amino acids?

Answer 21

9 not from the body

Question 22

Where do you get the “essential” amino acids?

Answer 22

food

Question 23

How many proteins?

Answer 23

2, Complete and incomplete proteins

Question 24

food that contains all 9 essential amino acids (animal products- fish, meat, eggs, milk, cheese, etc)

Answer 24

Complete Proteins

Question 25

Lack one or more essential amino acids (beans, peas, nuts, whole grains, etc)

Answer 25

Incomplete Proteins

Question 26

Functions of the proteins?

Answer 26

1) repairs and builds body tissue 2) balances PH/body fluids

Question 27

Worst Proteins

Answer 27

Red meats (Beef, pork, and Lamb)

Question 28

fatty substance that does not dissolve in water

Answer 28

Fats: (lipids/fatty acids)

Question 29

What are the two types of fats?

Answer 29

Saturated and Unsaturated fats

Question 30

(solid at room temp) animal fats and tropical oils (palm, coconut, etc) unhealthy ones!

Answer 30

Saturated fats

Question 31

(monounsaturated and polyunsaturated) - (liquid at room temp) healthy ones! (Olive oil, canola oil, nuts, etc.)

Answer 31

Unsaturated fats

Question 32

Added hydrogen to fat - Extremely UNHEALTHY!!! *(animal products/ processed foods, and fried foods)

Answer 32

Trans fats

Question 33

Functions of fats?

Answer 33

1. Concentrated form of energy 2. Transport vitamins 3. Give flavor to food

Question 34

wax-like lipid like substance that is in blood.

Answer 34

Cholesterol

Question 35

Whats the function of cholesterol?

Answer 35

make cell membrane and tissue; helps digest fat

Question 36

What are the two types of Cholesterol?

Answer 36

HDL and LDL

Question 37

HDL

Answer 37

Good -- more than 50 mg

Question 38

LDL

Answer 38

Bad -- Less than 70 mg

Question 39

Whats the total cholesterol that should be consumed?

Answer 39

Less then 200

Question 40

causes arteries to block – heart disease!

Answer 40

Excess LDL

Question 41

The body makes enough ___ on own – don’t need from food! (not essential)

Answer 41

Cholesterol

Question 42

The excess Cholesterol comes from what?

Answer 42

Comes from animal products only!

Question 43

compounds that help regulate many vital body processes

Answer 43

Vitamins

Question 44

(body does not store – flushed out by urine_ – need daily! – Non-toxic! (C and all B’s)

Answer 44

Water-Soluble

Question 45

(body does store –don’t need much – stored in fatty tissue) – do not need daily - excess can be toxic (A,D,E,K)

Answer 45

Fat-soluble

Question 46

two types of vitamins?

Answer 46

Water soluble and fat soluble

Question 47

Function of the vitamins?

Answer 47

helps regulate the digestion, absorption, and metabolism of other nutrients

Question 48

substances the body cannot manufacture

Answer 48

Minerals

Question 49

Examples of minerals

Answer 49

Calcium, Iron, Zinc, etc.

Question 50

Functions of minerals

Answer 50

help form healthy bones and teeth

Question 51

Water functions

Answer 51

1) Hydration 2) Carries waste products 3) Digestion, etc

Question 52

*ESSENTIAL in ____ amounts – ___ glasses per day! *Or ___ your bodyweight in ounces!

Answer 52

Large, 8-12, half

Question 53

*No single ____ provides all nutrients your body needs!

Answer 53

Food

Question 54

You need a what diet?

Answer 54

You need a *Balanced diet

Question 55

You need a what of foods?

Answer 55

Variety

Question 56

Hippocrates 400BC

Answer 56

“Let food be thy medicine and medicine be thy food”

Question 57

Top 6 things to avoid/minimize in your diet!

Answer 57

Packaged refined/processed foods Meat – especially processed! Chips Soda and other sugary drinks! Refined sugar Fried foods

Question 58

Why to avoid the bad things your diet?

Answer 58

All high in fat, sugar, salt, and preservatives and high in calories – **(4 worst things found in food!)

Question 59

most important meal of the day

Answer 59

Breakfast

Question 60

Why is breakfast the most important meal of the day?

Answer 60

Fuel tank (stomach) empty – needs energy! Reduces fatigue Perform better mentally (school or work) Helps maintain healthy weight

Question 61

Guides to eating out

Answer 61

Eat sensible portion sizes! Avoid – fried foods and saturated fats! (Meat/dairy) Avoid Fast food!!

Question 62

A person who eats plant-based foods

Answer 62

Vegetarian

Question 63

Reasons why people chose vegetarianism:

Answer 63

Religion/Culture Unethical treatment of slaughtered animals *Health reasons (reduces risk of cardiovascular disease, diabetes and cancers)

Question 64

Four major types of Vegetarians:

Answer 64

Lacto – eat dairy and plant - based Ovo – eat eggs and plant - based Lacto – Ovo: eat dairy and eggs and plant based Vegan – eat food from plant-based sources only!

Question 65

Hazards of eating meat:

Answer 65

Extremely high in saturated fats (leads to cardiovascular diseases, and atherosclerosis) Increased risk of disease (diabetes, mad cow, e-coli, cancers) Antibiotics in meat – can create allergies, weakens immune system, can lead to sterility, and increases antibody resistance!

Question 66

Mr.B's rule for eating

Answer 66

“If it came from a plant EAT IT, if it was made in a plant, Don’t”!

Question 67

Nutritional Labeling - law

Answer 67

Ingredients Food Additives, sugar/fat substitutes Nutrients Calories

Question 68

is a condition in which the body’s immune system reacts negatively to substances in some foods *(milk, eggs, nuts, wheat, etc.)

Answer 68

Food allergy

Question 69

is a negative reaction to a food or part of food caused by a metabolic problem, such as the inability to digest parts of certain foods *(Dairy,lactose, gluten, etc.)

Answer 69

Food intolerance

Question 70

food poisoning (eating food contaminated with pathogens- disease causing organisms)

Answer 70

Foodborne illness

Question 71

What can cause food poisoning?

Answer 71

Bacteria

Question 72

Examples of food poisoning

Answer 72

Salmonella and E. coli

Question 73

Mostly through ____ products!

Answer 73

Animal

Question 74

What does GMO's stand for ?

Answer 74

genetically modified organisms

Question 75

Gmo's

Answer 75

Is an animal, plant, or microbe whose DNA has been altered using genetic engineering techniques Used to prevent crop and food loss, and produce higher yields Huge debate right now about health risks! Europe does not allow them!

Question 76

Number 2 killer – USA – 18% of all deaths

Answer 76

Cancer

Question 77

1 out of every 2 ___ get cancer

Answer 77

Men

Question 78

1 out of every 3 ___ get cancer

Answer 78

Women

Question 79

How many deaths per year from cancer?

Answer 79

610,000

Question 80

Early detection of cancer is what?

Answer 80

CRUCIAL

Question 81

Warning signs of cancer

Answer 81

Fatigue or extreme tiredness that doesn’t get better with rest Weight loss or gain of 10 pounds or more for no known reason Swelling, lumps, or moles anywhere on the body

Question 82

Screening for cancer is what

Answer 82

Prevention

Question 83

rectal exams/colonoscopies/blood tests

Answer 83

men and women should get

Question 84

Pap smear and mammograms

Answer 84

Women should get

Question 85

prostate exam

Answer 85

Men should get

Question 86

Ways to help avoid cancer: (Lessen your chances)

Answer 86

Avoid tobacco Avoid alcohol Avoid saturated fat – meat *Eat a diet rich in plant foods (fruits, veggies) *(antioxidants – prevent cancer)

Question 87

3 factors our health is primarily dependent on?

Answer 87

Heredity (5%) *What we put into our bodies (eat, drugs, alcohol, etc.) *What we do with our bodies (exercise, sleep, etc.)

Question 88

The choices we make

Answer 88

Lifestyle

Question 89

way more impact on health than heredity! (95%)

Answer 89

What we put into our bodies and what we do with our bodies

Question 90

What is found in milk?

Answer 90

antibiotics, hormones, pesticides, mucous and *prions (disease causing bacteria)

Question 91

Allergy with milk

Answer 91

Lactose intolerance

Question 92

Other problems related to milk consumption

Answer 92

Respiratory problems Arthritis Infantile diabetes– type 1

Question 93

Top 5 risk factors for disease:

Answer 93

*Aging Poor nutrition (obesity) Tobacco use Alcohol use Lack of exercise

Question 94

Top 6 causes of death – USA

Answer 94

Cardiovascular disease – (diet) Cancer (smoking, diet, alcohol) *Accidents/Injuries Respiratory diseases (smoking) Stroke (diet) Diabetes (diet)

Question 95

2022 – 3.2 million deaths in USA - How many are lifestyle?

Answer 95

2 million

Question 96

What was God’s original diet in the Garden of Eden?

Answer 96

Genesis speaks of a diet of fruits, grains, nuts, and legumes.

Question 97

After sin God introduced the ‘herb of the field’ =

Answer 97

Vegtables

Question 98

After the flood: ___ was allowed to be consumed.WHY?

Answer 98

Meat. All the plants were dead or not there.

Question 99

What happened to man’s lifespan after the flood?

Answer 99

Lifespan greatly reduced/decreased