drugsss Flashcards
are drugs that are used to treat or prevent disease
Medicines
are substances other than food that change the structure or function of the body or mind
Drugs
Medicines do 4 things
Help prevent disease
Fights pathogens
Relieve pain
Promote health
2 types of preventive medicines
Vaccines – preparation introduced to the body to stimulate an immune response (antibodies)
Antitoxins –blood fluids that contain antibodies
Fights pathogens: destroy disease-causing agents
Antibiotics (penicillin, amoxicillin, etc)
Relieve pain
Analgesics (pain relievers)
– aspirin, morphine, & codeine
People sensitive to aspirin take: 1) acetaminophen (Tylenol) 2) ibuprofen (advil)
Promote health
Allergy medicines
(Claritin, Benadryl, etc.)
Antidepressants (Prozac)
Body regulators (insulin) (blood pressure medication)
Cancer treatment (Chemotherapy medicine)
Negative effects of medicine on body
Side effects: reactions to medicine other than the one intended
Tolerance: body becomes used to medicine (doesn’t work)
Withdrawal: chemical dependence
FDA (Food and Drug Administration)
Approves all medicines/drugs (safety)
Prescription medicine
approval of doctor
Over-the-counter medicines
no prescription needed
Opioids
medications prescribed by doctors to treat persistent or severe pain
Opioids are used for what
Used for chronic headaches, backaches, and recovering from surgery
Most common forms
Morphine Codeine and Fentanyl
Brand names
Vicodin, Percocet and OxyContin
Most serious public ___ ___in the USA today
health epidemic
Over how many deaths in the last 10 years
1 million
How much percent of all drug overdoses in the last 2 years
75%
Stimulants
drugs that speed up the CNS
examples of stimulants
Caffeine, Nicotine, Cocaine, Amphetamines, Methamphetamine
Euphoria
a feeling of intense well-being or elation
Crack cocaine (rock)
is a concentrated form that is very dangerous! One of the deadliest drugs!
Amphetamines
are used in prescription drugs to reduce fatigue, drowsiness, and suppress appetite.
Illegally used to keep alert, improve athletic performance and to lose weight!
Methamphetamines (meth)
are used in treating diseases such as Parkinson’ disease and obesity
Depressants
drugs that tend to slow down the CNS
What is the most common depressant
Alcohol
2 types of sedative medication
Barbiturates - induce sleep
Tranquilizers – relieve anxiety, muscle spasms, sleepiness, and nervousness
strong tranquilizer!
Rohypnol (date rape drug)
Narcotics
drugs that are obtainable only by prescription and are used to relieve pain *Opioids - (Morphine and codeine)
Heroin
highly addictive narcotic that is processed from morphine
Hallucinogens
drugs that alter moods, thoughts, and sense perceptions, including vision, hearing, smell and touch
These drugs have no medical use!
PCP
considered one of the most dangerous of all drugs!
LSD
strong hallucinogen
Designer drugs
synthetic substances meant to imitate the effects of hallucinogens and other drugs
Most common designer drug
Ecstasy
Medicine misuse (don’ts)
- Dont take someone elses precription
- dont take too much or too little
- dont stop before all pills gone
- dont mix medicines
Substance/drug abuse
Any unnecessary or improper use of chemical substances for nonmedical purposes
Illegal drugs (street drugs)
chemical substances that people may manufacture, posses, buy or sell
Anabolic - Androgenic steroids
synthetic substances that are similar to the male sex hormone testosterone
Anabolic
muscle building
Androgenic
increased male characteristics
What are the steroids used for?
Used to increase muscle and athletic performance (illegal without prescription)
Factors that influence teen illegal drug use
peer pressure
family
role models
media
Health consequences of drugs
Physical
Mental
Social
Health consequences - physical
hepatitis, HIV
*Overdose – strong, sometimes fatal reaction
Health consequences - mental
alters brain (loss of control, reasoning, lead to mental illness!
Health consequences - social
effects relationships, lead to crime, suicide, etc
Addiction cycle
tolerance - body needs more
Psychological dependence - a person believes he needs the drug to feel good
Physiological dependence - person has a chemical need for the drug
addiction
Marijuana (Cannabis)
one of the most widely used illegal drugs (grass, weed, pot)
Is legal for medical reasons in some states
Often the 1st drug teens experiment with after alcohol is
gateway drug - leads to the use of other addictive drugs
Raises the level of what
dopamine (chemical which produces a pleasurable feeling)
Contains more what then tobacco
cancer - causing chemicals
interferes with the what
immune systems also increases infections
Paranoia
irrational suspiciousness or distrust of others
Also causes what
short term memory loss
physical risks to reproductive system
Males - lowers sperm count and testosterone levels = infertility
Females - increases levels of testosterone = infertility
Inhalants
substances whose fumes are sniffed and inhaled to alter the mind
What can inhalants cause
permanent nervous system and brain damage (kills brain cells) also can cause death!
