nutrition

Question 1

hypertonic

Answer 1

Hypertonic is when the glucose osmolality of
the drink is greater than the blood

Question 2

hypotonic

Answer 2

Hypotonic is when the glucose osmolality of
the drink is lower than the blood

Question 3

isotonic

Answer 3

Isotonic is when the glucose osmolality of
the drink is the same as blood

Question 4

Summarise the potential physiological benefits from taking three different named
nutritional supplement

Answer 4

Supplements can enhance energy stores
e.g. creatine or isotonic/hypertonic drinks
(1)
* Supplements can enhance hydration e.g.
isotonic/hypertonic/hypotonic
drinks/sodium loading (1)
* Supplements can enhance recovery e.g.
protein, amino acids, whey protein, milk,
cherry juice (1)
* Supplements can enhance metabolic
processes e.g. caffeine, nitric oxide (1)
* Supplements can enhance electrolyte
levels e.g. isotonic drinks
* Supplements can delay fatigue e.g.
sodium bicarb/caffeine (1)

Question 5

4 Discuss the strategies an athlete could use to ensure optimal food, fuel and fluid
intake before, during and after a marathon.

Answer 5

Before
* Carb loading
* Adequate hydration
During
* Hydration strategies
* Sport drinks
* Gels
* Electrolytes
After
* 2-hour window of opportunity
* Protein intake
* Rehydration
* Glycogen restoration