NUTRITION Flashcards
Is the sum of all the interactions between an organism and the food it consumes.
Nutrition
The nutrient content of a specified amount of food.
Nutritive value
Minerals and vitamins required in large amounts.
Macronutrients
Are those vitamins and minerals required in small amounts.
Micronutrients
Are composed of the elements carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
Carbohydrates
The simplest of all carbohydrates, are water soluble and are produced naturally by both plants and animals.
Sugars
Most abundant simple sugar.
Glucose
Are the insoluble, nonsweet forms forms of carbohydrates.
Starches
A complex carbohydrate derived from plants, supplies roughage, or bulk to the diet.
Fiber
Are biological catalysts the speed up chemical reactions.
Enzymes
Are those that cannot be manufactured in the body and must be supplied.
Essential amino acids
Are those that the body can manufacture
Nonessential amino acid
Contain all of the essential amino acids plus many nonessential ones.
Complete proteins
Building tissue
Anabolism
Breaking down tissue
Catabolism
Is a measure of the degree of protein anabolism and catabolism.
Nitrogen balance
Are organic substances that are greasy and insoluble in water but soluble in alcohol or ether.
Lipds
Lipids that are solid in room temperature.
Fats
Lipids that are liquid in room temperature.
Oil
Made up of a carbon chain with no double bonds.
Saturated fatty acids
Is one that could accomodate more hydrogen atoms. Has a double bond.
Unsaturated fatty acid
Fatty acids with one double bond.
Monounsaturated fatty acid
Those with more than one double bond.
Polyunsaturated fatty acids
Made up of various lipids and a protein
Lipoproteins
Is the relationship between the energy derived from food and the energy used by the body.
Energy Balance
Is the optimal weight recommended for optimal health.
Ideal body Weight
Or spitting up, during or after a feeding is a common occurence during the first year.
Regurgitation
Means that the child is fed when hungry rather than on a set time schedule.
Demand feeding
Decay of the teeth caused by constant contact with sweet liquid from the bottle.
Bottle Mouth Syndrome
Is characterized by a prolonged inability or refusal to eat, rapid weight loss, and emaciation in individuals who continue to believe they are fat.
Anorexia nervosa
Bulimia is an uncontrollable compulsion to consume enormous amount of food.
Bulimia
Is commonly defined as the lack of necessary or appropriate food substances. Includes undernutrition and overnutrition.
Malnutrition
Refers to caloric intake in excess of daily energy requirements, resulting in storage of energy in the form of adipose tissue.
Overnutrtion
Refers to an intake of nutrients insufficient to meet daily energy requirements because of inadequate food intake.
Undernutrition
Is performed to determine fat stores.
Skinfold measurement
Is a measure of fat, muscle, and skeleton.
Mid-arm circumference (MAC)
